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chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 1 of 68 CC1100 single chip low cost low power rf-transceiver applications ? ultra low power uhf wireless transceivers ? 315/433/868 and 915mhz ism/srd band systems ? amr ? automatic meter reading ? consumer electronics ? rke ? two-way remote keyless entry ? low power telemetry ? home and building automation ? wireless alarm and security systems ? industrial monitoring and control ? wireless sensor networks product description the CC1100 is a low cost true single chip uhf transceiver designed for very low power wireless applications. the circuit is mainly intended for the ism (industrial, scientific and medical) and srd (short range device) frequency bands at 315, 433, 868 and 915mhz, but can easily be programmed for operation at other frequencies in the 300- 348mhz, 400-464mhz and 800-928mhz bands. the rf transceiver is integrated with a highly configurable baseband modem. the modem supports various modulation formats and has a configurable data rate up to 500kbps. performance can be increased by enabling a forward error correction option, which is integrated in the modem. CC1100 provides extensiv e hardware support for packet handling, data buffering, burst transmissions, clear channel assessment, link quality indication and wake on radio. the main operating parameters and the 64- byte transmit/receive fifos of CC1100 can be controlled via an spi interface. in a typical system, the CC1100 will be used together with a microcontroller and a few additional passive components. CC1100 is based on chipcon?s smartrf ? 04 technology in 0.18 m cmos. key features ? small size (qlp 4x4mm package, 20 pins) ? true single chip uhf rf transceiver ? frequency bands: 300-348mhz, 400- 464mhz and 800-928mhz ? high sensitivity (?110dbm at 1.2kbps, 1% packet error rate) ? programmable data rate up to 500kbps ? low current consumption (15.6ma in rx, 2.4kbps, 433mhz) ? programmable output power up to +10dbm for all supported frequencies ? excellent receiver selectivity and blocking performance ? very few external components: totally on- chip frequency synthesizer, no external filters or rf switch needed ? programmable baseband modem ? ideal for multi-channel operation ? configurable packet handling hardware ? suitable for frequency hopping systems due to a fast settling frequency synthesizer ? optional forward error correction with interleaving ? separate 64-byte rx and tx data fifos ? efficient spi interface: all registers can be programmed with one ?burst? transfer
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 2 of 68 features (continued from front page) ? digital rssi output ? suited for systems compliant with en 300 220 (europe) and fcc cfr part 15 (us) ? wake-on-radio functi onality for automatic low-power rx polling ? many powerful digital features allow a high-performance rf system to be made using an inexpensive microcontroller ? integrated analog temperature sensor ? lead-free ?green? package ? flexible support for packet oriented systems: on chip support for sync word detection, address check, flexible packet length and automatic crc handling. ? programmable channel filter bandwidth ? ook and flexible ask shaping supported ? 2-fsk, gfsk and msk supported. ? automatic frequency compensation can be used to align the frequency synthesizer to the received centre frequency ? optional automatic whitening and de- whitening of data ? support for asynchronous transparent receive/transmit mode for backwards compatibility with existing radio communication protocols ? programmable carrier sense indicator ? programmable preamble quality indicator for detecting preambles and improved protection against sync word detection in random noise ? support for automatic clear channel assessment (cca) before transmitting (for listen-before-talk systems) ? support for per-package link quality indication abbreviations abbreviations used in this data sheet are described below. 2-fsk binary frequency shift keying msk minimum shift keying adc analog to digital converter pa power amplifier afc automatic frequency offset com pensation pcb printed circuit board agc automatic gain control pd power down amr automatic meter reading per packet error rate ask amplitude shift keying pll phase locked loop ber bit error rate pqi preamble quality indicator cca clear channel assessment pq t preamble quality threshold crc cyclic redundancy check rcosc rc oscillator cs carrier sense rf radio frequency dc direct current rssi received signal strength indicator eirp equivalent isotropic radiat ed power rx receive, receive mode esr equivalent series resist ance saw surface aqustic wave fec forward error correction snr signal to noise ratio fifo first-in-first-out spi serial peripheral interface fsk frequency shift keying tbd to be defined gfsk gaussian shaped frequency shift keying tx transmit, transmit mode if intermediate frequency vco voltage controlled oscillator lbt listen before transmit wor wake on radio, low power polling lna low noise amplifier xosc crystal oscillator lo local oscillator xtal crystal lqi link quality indicator mcu microcontroller unit
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 3 of 68 table of contents 1 a bsolute m aximum r atings ...........................................................................................................5 2 o perating c onditions ......................................................................................................................5 3 e lectrical s pecifications ...............................................................................................................6 4 g eneral c haracteristics ...............................................................................................................7 5 rf r eceive s ection ...........................................................................................................................8 6 rf t ransmit s ection ........................................................................................................................9 7 c rystal o scillator .........................................................................................................................9 8 l ow p ower rc o scillator ............................................................................................................10 9 f requency s ynthesizer c haracteristics ...................................................................................10 10 a nalog temperature sensor ........................................................................................................11 11 dc c haracteristics .......................................................................................................................11 12 p ower o n r eset ............................................................................................................................... 12 13 p in c onfiguration ..........................................................................................................................12 14 c ircuit d escription ........................................................................................................................14 15 a pplication c ircuit ........................................................................................................................14 16 c onfiguration o verview ..............................................................................................................16 17 c onfiguration s oftware ..............................................................................................................17 18 4- wire s erial c onfiguration and d ata i nterface ...................................................................18 18.1 c hip s tatus b yte ............................................................................................................................18 18.2 r egister a ccess ..............................................................................................................................1 9 18.3 c ommand s trobes ..........................................................................................................................19 18.4 fifo a ccess ............................................................................................................................... ......19 18.5 patable a ccess ............................................................................................................................19 19 m icrocontroller i nterface and p in c onfiguration ...............................................................21 19.1 c onfiguration i nterface ..............................................................................................................21 19.2 g eneral c ontrol and s tatus p ins ..............................................................................................21 19.3 o ptional radio control feature .................................................................................................22 20 d ata r ate p rogramming ...............................................................................................................22 21 r eceiver c hannel f ilter b andwidth ..........................................................................................22 22 d emodulator , s ymbol s ynchronizer and d ata d ecision ......................................................23 22.1 f requency o ffset c ompensation .................................................................................................23 22.2 b it s ynchronization ......................................................................................................................23 22.3 b yte synchronization ...................................................................................................................23 23 p acket h andling h ardware s upport .........................................................................................24 23.1 d ata whitening ............................................................................................................................... 24 23.2 p acket format ............................................................................................................................... .24 23.3 p acket filtering in r eceive m ode ...............................................................................................26 23.4 p acket h andling in t ransmit m ode ............................................................................................26 23.5 p acket h andling in r eceive m ode ..............................................................................................26 24 m odulation f ormats .....................................................................................................................27 24.1 f requency s hift k eying ................................................................................................................27 24.2 m inimum s hift k eying ....................................................................................................................27 24.3 a mplitude m odulation .................................................................................................................27 25 r eceived s ignal q ualifiers and l ink q uality i nformation ...................................................27 25.1 p reamble q uality t hreshold (pqt) ...........................................................................................27 25.2 rssi........................................................................................................................... ........................28 25.3 c arrier s ense (cs)..........................................................................................................................2 8 25.4 c lear c hannel a ssessment (cca) ..............................................................................................28 25.5 l ink q uality i ndicator (lqi) .......................................................................................................28 26 f orward e rror c orrection with i nterleaving ........................................................................29 26.1 f orward e rror c orrection (fec)...............................................................................................29 26.2 i nterleaving ............................................................................................................................... ....29 27 r adio c ontrol ............................................................................................................................... .30 27.1 p ower on start - up sequence .........................................................................................................31
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 4 of 68 27.2 c rystal c ontrol ............................................................................................................................31 27.3 v oltage r egulator c ontrol .......................................................................................................31 27.4 a ctive m odes ............................................................................................................................... ...31 27.5 w ake on r adio (wor) ...................................................................................................................32 27.6 t iming ............................................................................................................................... ................33 27.7 rx t ermination t imer ...................................................................................................................33 28 d ata fifo ........................................................................................................................... .............34 29 f requency p rogramming ..............................................................................................................35 30 vco............................................................................................................................ .......................35 30.1 vco and pll s elf -c alibration ...................................................................................................35 31 v oltage r egulators .....................................................................................................................35 32 o utput p ower p rogramming ........................................................................................................36 33 c rystal o scillator .......................................................................................................................37 34 a ntenna i nterface .........................................................................................................................38 35 g eneral p urpose / t est o utput c ontrol p ins ...........................................................................38 36 a synchronous and s ynchronous s erial o peration ................................................................40 36.1 a synchronous operation ..............................................................................................................40 36.2 s ynchronous serial operation ....................................................................................................40 37 c onfiguration r egisters ..............................................................................................................40 37.1 c onfiguration r egister d etails ? r egisters with preserved values in sleep state ..........45 37.2 c onfiguration r egister d etails ? r egisters that loose programming in sleep state ......59 37.3 s tatus register details .................................................................................................................60 38 p ackage d escription (qlp 20)......................................................................................................63 38.1 r ecommended pcb layout for package (qlp 20).....................................................................64 38.2 p ackage thermal properties ........................................................................................................64 38.3 s oldering information ..................................................................................................................64 38.4 t ray specification ..........................................................................................................................65 38.5 c arrier tape and reel specification ...........................................................................................65 39 o rdering i nformation ...................................................................................................................65 40 g eneral i nformation ....................................................................................................................66 40.1 d ocument h istory .........................................................................................................................66 40.2 p roduct s tatus d efinitions .........................................................................................................66 40.3 d isclaimer ............................................................................................................................... ........66 40.4 t rademarks ............................................................................................................................... ......66 40.5 l ife s upport p olicy ........................................................................................................................66 41 a ddress i nformation .....................................................................................................................68
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 5 of 68 1 absolute maximum ratings under no circumstances must the absolute maximu m ratings given in table 1 be violated. stress exceeding one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. caution! esd sensitive device. precaution should be used when handling the device in order to prevent permanent damage. parameter min max units condition supply voltage ?0.3 3.6 v all supply pins must have the same voltage voltage on any digital pin ?0.3 vdd+0.3, max 3.6 v voltage on the pins rf_p, rf_n and dcoupl ?0.3 2.0 v input rf level 10 dbm storage temperature range ?50 150 c solder reflow temperature 265 c according to ipc/jedec j-std-020c table 1: absolute maximum ratings 2 operating conditions the operating conditions for CC1100 are listed table 2 in below. parameter min max unit condition operating temperature -40 85 c operating supply voltage 1.8 3.6 v all s upply pins must have the same voltage table 2: operating conditions
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 6 of 68 3 electrical specifications tc = 25 c, vdd = 3.0v if nothing else stated. measured on chipcon?s CC1100em reference design. parameter min typ max unit condition 900 na voltage regulator to digital part off, register values retained, low- power rc oscillator running (sleep state with wor enabled) 400 na voltage regulator to digital part off, register values retained (sleep state) 90 a voltage regulator to digital part off, register values retained, xosc running (sleep state with mcsm0.osc_force_on set) current consumption in power down modes 160 a voltage regulator to digital part on, all other modules in power down (xoff state) 15 a automatic rx polling once each second, using low-power rc oscillator, with 460khz filter bandwidth and 250kbps data rate, pll calibration every 4 th wakeup. average current with signal in channel below carrier sense level. 34 a same as above, but with signal in channel above carrier sense level, 1.9ms rx timeout, and no preamble/sync word found. 1.8 a automatic rx polling every 15 th second, using low-power rc oscillator, with 460khz filter bandwidth and 250kbps data rate, pll calibration every 4 th wakeup. average current with signal in channel below carrier sense level. 15 a same as above, but with signal in channel above carrier sense level, 14ms rx timeout, and no preamble/sync word found. 1.9 ma only voltage regulator to digital part and crystal oscillator running (idle state) current consumption 8.7 ma only the frequency synthesizer running (after going from idle until reaching rx or tx states, and frequency calibration states) current consumption, 315mhz 26.9 18.3 15.1 13.4 15.1 14.0 16.2 15.1 ma transmit mode, +10dbm output power transmit mode, 5dbm output power transmit mode, 0dbm output power transmit mode, ?10dbm output power receive mode, 2.4kbps, input at sensitivity limit receive mode, 2.4kbps, input 30db above sensitivity limit receive mode, 250kbps, input at sensitivity limit receive mode, 250kbps, input 30db above sensitivity limit current consumption, 433mhz 28.8 19.3 16.1 14.3 15.6 14.5 16.5 15.5 ma transmit mode, +10dbm output power transmit mode, 5dbm output power transmit mode, 0dbm output power transmit mode, ?10dbm output power receive mode, 2.4kbps, input at sensitivity limit receive mode, 2.4kbps, input 30db above sensitivity limit receive mode, 250kbps, input at sensitivity limit receive mode, 250kbps, input 30db above sensitivity limit
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 7 of 68 parameter min typ max unit condition current consumption, 868/915mhz 30.3 19.7 16.6 14.0 15.4 14.2 16.2 15.2 ma transmit mode, +10dbm output power transmit mode, 5dbm output power transmit mode, 0dbm output power transmit mode, ?10dbm output power receive mode, 2.4kbps, input at sensitivity limit receive mode, 2.4kbps, input 30db above sensitivity limit receive mode, 250kbps, input at sensitivity limit receive mode, 250kbps, input 30db above sensitivity limit table 3: electrical specifications 4 general characteristics parameter min typ max unit condition/note frequency range 300 348 mhz 400 464 mhz 800 928 mhz data rate 1.2 500 kbps modulation formats supported: (shaped) msk (also known as differential offset qpsk) up to 500kbps 2-fsk up to 500kbps gfsk and ook/ask (up to 250kbps) optional manchester encoding (halves the data rate). table 4: general characteristics
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 8 of 68 5 rf receive section tc = 25 c, vdd = 3.0v if nothing else stated. m easured on chipcon?s CC1100em reference design. parameter min typ max unit condition/note differential input impedance tbd ? follow CC1100em reference design ?110 dbm 2-fsk, 1.2kbps, 5.2khz deviation, 1% packet error rate, 62 bytes packet length, 58khz digital channel filter bandwidth ?100 dbm 2-fsk, 38.4kbps, 20khz deviation, 1% packet error rate, 62 bytes packet length, 100khz digital channel filter bandwidth -88 dbm 2-fsk, 250kbps, 127khz deviation, 1% packet error rate, 62 bytes packet length, 540khz digital channel filter bandwidth receiver sensitivity 315/433/868/915mhz -88 dbm ook, 250kbps ook, 1% packet error rate, 62 bytes packet length, 540khz digital channel filter bandwidth saturation ?15 dbm digital channel filter bandwidth 58 650 khz user programmable. the bandwidth limits are proportional to crystal frequency (given values assume a 26.0mhz crystal). adjacent channel rejection, 868mhz 23 db 2-fsk, 38.4kbps, 20khz deviation, 1% packet error rate, 62 bytes packet length, 100khz digital channel filter, 150khz channel spacing desired channel 3db above the sensitivity limit. alternate channel rejection, 868mhz 33 db 2-fsk, 38.4kbps, 20khz deviation, 1% packet error rate, 62 bytes packet length, 100khz digital channel filter, 150khz channel spacing desired channel 3db above the sensitivity limit. image channel rejection, 868mhz 29 db 2-fsk, 38.4kbps, 20khz deviation, 1% packet error rate, 62 bytes packet length, 100khz digital channel filter, 150khz channel spacing, if frequency 305khz desired channel 3db above the sensitivity limit. blocking at 1mhz offset, 868mhz 52 db desired channel 3db above the sensitivity limit. compliant to etsi en 300 220 class 2 receiver requirement. blocking at 2mhz offset, 868mhz 54 db desired channel 3db above the sensitivity limit. compliant to etsi en 300 220 class 2 receiver requirement. blocking at 5mhz offset, 868mhz 61 db desired channel 3db above the sensitivity limit. compliant to etsi en 300 220 class 2 receiver requirement. blocking at 10mhz offset, 868mhz 64 db desired channel 3db above the sensitivity limit. compliant to etsi en 300 220 class 2 receiver requirement. spurious emissions ?57 ?47 dbm dbm 25mhz ? 1ghz above 1ghz table 5: rf receive section
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 9 of 68 6 rf transmit section tc = 25 c, vdd = 3.0v, +10dbm if nothing else stated. measured on chipcon?s CC1100em reference design. parameter min typ max unit condition/note differential load impedance tbd ? follow CC1100em reference design output power, highest setting 10 dbm output power is programmable, and full range is available in all frequency bands. delivered to a 50 ? single-ended load via chipcon reference rf matching network. output power, lowest setting ?30 dbm output power is programmable, and full range is available in all frequency bands. delivered to a 50 ? single-ended load via chipcon reference rf matching network. spurious emissions and harmonics, 433/868mhz ?36 ?54 ?47 ?30 dbm dbm dbm dbm 25mhz ? 1ghz 47-74, 87.5-118, 174-230, 470-862mhz 1800mhz-1900mhz (restricted band in europe), when the operating frequency is below 900mhz (2 nd harmonic can not fall within this band when used in europe) otherwise above 1ghz spurious emissions, 315/915mhz -49.2 -41.2 dbm eirp dbm eirp <200 v/m at 3m below 960mhz. <500 v/m at 3m above 960mhz. harmonics 315mhz -20 -41.2 dbc dbm 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th harmonic when the output power is maximum 6mv/m at 3m. (-19.6dbm eirp) 5 th harmonic harmonics 915mhz -20 -41.2 dbc dbm 2 nd harmonic 3 rd , 4 th and 5 th harmonic table 6: rf transmit parameters 7 crystal oscillator tc = 25 c @ vdd = 3.0 v if nothing else is stated. parameter min typ max unit condition/note crystal frequency 26 26 27 mhz tolerance 40 ppm this is the total tole rance including a) initial tolerance, b) aging and c) temperature dependence. the acceptable crystal tolerance depends on rf frequency and channel spacing / bandwidth. esr 100 ? start-up time 300 s measured on chip con?s CC1100em reference design. this parameter is to a large degree crystal dependent. table 7: crystal oscillator parameters
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 10 of 68 8 low power rc oscillator typical performance is for tc = 25 c @ vdd = 3.0 v if nothing else is stated. the values in the table are simulated results and will be updated in later versions of the data sheet. parameter min typ max unit condition/note calibrated frequency 34.6 34.7 36 khz calibrated rc oscillator frequency is xtal frequency divided by 750 frequency accuracy after calibration 0.2 % temperature coefficient +0.4 % / c frequency drift when temperature changes after calibration supply voltage coefficient +3 % / v frequency drift when supply voltage changes after calibration initial calibration time 2 ms when the rc oscillator is enabled, calibration is continuously done in the background as long as the crystal oscillator is running. wake-up period 58e-6 59650 seconds programmable, dependent on xtal frequency table 8: rc oscillator parameters 9 frequency synthesizer characteristics tc = 25 c @ vdd = 3.0 v if nothing else is stated. measured on chipcon?s CC1100em reference design. parameter min typ max unit condition/note programmed frequency resolution 397 f xosc / 2 16 412 hz 26mhz-27mhz crystal. the resolution (in hz) is equal for all frequency bands. synthesizer frequency tolerance 40 ppm given by crystal us ed. required accuracy (including temperature and aging) depends on frequency band and channel bandwidth / spacing. pll turn-on / hop time 80 s time from leaving the idle state until arriving in the rx, fstxon or tx state, when not performing calibration. crystal oscillator running. pll rx/tx and tx/rx settling time 10 s settling time for the 1xif frequency step from rx to tx, and vice versa. pll calibration time 0.69 18739 0.72 0.72 xosc cycles ms calibration can be initiated manually, or automatically before entering or after leaving rx/tx. min/typ/max time is for 27/26/26mhz crystal frequency. table 9: frequency synthesizer parameters
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 11 of 68 10 analog temperature sensor the characteristics of the analog temperature sensor are listed in table 10 below. note that it is necessary to write 0xbf to the ptest register to use the analog temperature sensor in the idle state. the values in the table are simulated results and will be updat ed in later versions of the data sheet. minimum / maximum values are valid over entire supply voltage range. typical values are for 3.0v supply voltage. parameter min typ max unit condition/note output voltage at ?40 c 0.638 0.648 0.706 v output voltage at 0 c 0.733 0.743 0.793 v output voltage at +40 c 0.828 0.840 0.891 v output voltage at +80 c 0.924 0.939 0.992 v temperature coefficient 2.35 2.45 2.46 mv/ c fitted from ?20 c to +80 c absolute error in calculated temperature ?14 ?8 +14 c from ?20 c to +80 c when assuming best fit for absolute accuracy: 0.763v at 0 c and 2.44mv / c error in calculated temperature, calibrated ?2 +2 c from ?20 c to +80 c when using 2.44mv / c, after 1-point calibration at room temperature settling time after enabling tbd s current consumption increase when enabled 0.3 ma table 10: analog temperature sensor parameters 11 dc characteristics the dc characteristics of CC1100 are listed in table 11 below. tc = 25 c if nothing else stated. digital inputs/outputs min max unit condition logic "0" input voltage 0 0.7 v logic "1" input voltage vdd-0.7 vdd v logic "0" output voltage 0 0.5 v for up to 4ma output current logic "1" output voltage vdd-0.3 vdd v for up to 4ma output current logic "0" input current n/a ?1 a input equals 0v logic "1" input current n/a 1 a input equals vdd table 11: dc characteristics
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 12 of 68 12 power on reset when the power supply complies with the requirements in table 12 below, proper power-on- reset functionality is guaranteed. otherwise, the chip should be assumed to have unknown state until transmitting an sres strobe over the spi interface. it is recommended to transmit an sres strobe after turning power on in any case. s ee section 27.1 on page 31 for a description of the recommended start up sequence after turning power on. parameter min typ max unit condition/note power-up ramp-up time. 5 ms from 0v until reaching 1.8v power off time 1 ms minimum time between power-on and power-off. table 12: power-on reset requirements 13 pin configuration 1 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 gnd exposed die attach pad sclk so (gdo1) gdo2 dvdd dcoupl gdo0 (atest) xosc_q1 avdd xosc_q2 avdd rf_p rf_n gnd avdd rbias dguard gnd si csn avdd figure 1: pinout top view note: the exposed die attach pad must be connected to a solid ground plane as this is the main ground connection for the chip.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 13 of 68 pin # pin name pin type description 1 sclk digital input serial configur ation interface, clock input 2 so (gdo1) digital output serial confi guration interface, data output. optional general output pin when csn is high 3 gdo2 digital output digital output pin for general use: ? test signals ? fifo status signals ? clear channel indicator ? clock output, down-divided from xosc ? serial output rx data 4 dvdd power (digital) 1.8v-3.6v digital power suppl y for digital i/o?s and for the digital core voltage regulator 5 dcoupl power (digital) 1.6v-2.0v digital power supply output for decoupling. note: this pin is intended for use with the CC1100 only. it can not be used to provide supply voltage to other devices. 6 gdo0 (atest) digital i/o digital output pin for general use: ? test signals ? fifo status signals ? clear channel indicator ? clock output, down-divided from xosc ? serial output rx data ? serial input tx data also used as analog test i/o fo r prototype/production testing 7 csn digital input serial configuration interface, chip select 8 xosc_q1 analog i/o crystal oscillator pin 1, or external clock input 9 avdd power (analog) 1.8v-3.6v analog power supply connection 10 xosc_q2 analog i/o crystal oscillator pin 2 11 avdd power (analog) 1.8v-3.6v analog power supply connection 12 rf_p rf i/o positive rf input signal to lna in receive mode positive rf output signal from pa in transmit mode 13 rf_n rf i/o negative rf input signal to lna in receive mode negative rf output signal from pa in transmit mode 14 avdd power (analog) 1.8v-3.6v analog power supply connection 15 avdd power (analog) 1.8v-3.6v analog power supply connection 16 gnd ground (analog) analog ground connection 17 rbias analog i/o external bias resistor for reference current 18 dguard power (digital) power supply connec tion for digital noise isolation 19 gnd ground (digital) ground connection for digital noise isolation 20 si digital input serial configur ation interface, data input table 13: pinout overview
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 14 of 68 14 circuit description bias pa rbias xosc_q1 xosc_q2 csn si so (gdo1) xosc sclk lna 0 90 freq synth adc adc demodulator fec / interleaver packet handler rxfifo modulator txfifo digital interface to mcu radio control rf_p rf_n gdo2 gdo0 (atest) rc osc figure 2: CC1100 simplified block diagram a simplified block diagram of CC1100 is shown in figure 2. CC1100 features a low-if receiver. the received rf signal is amplified by the low- noise amplifier (lna) and down-converted in quadrature (i and q) to the intermediate frequency (if). at if, the i/q signals are digitised by the adcs. automatic gain control (agc), fine channel f iltering, demodulation bit/packet synchronization is performed digitally. the transmitter part of CC1100 is based on direct synthesis of the rf frequency. the frequency synthesizer includes a completely on-chip lc vco and a 90 degree phase shifter for generating the i and q lo signals to the down-conversion mixers in receive mode. a crystal is to be connected to xosc_q1 and xosc_q2. the crystal oscillator generates the reference frequency for the synthesizer, as well as clocks for the adc and the digital part. a 4-wire spi serial interface is used for configuration and data buffer access. the digital baseband includes support for channel configuration, packet handling and data buffering. 15 application circuit only a few external components are required for using the CC1100 . the recommended application circuit is shown in figure 3. the external components are described in table 14, and typical values are given in table 15. bias resistor the bias resistor r171 is used to set an accurate bias current. balun and rf matching c131, c121, l121 and l131 form a balun that converts the differential rf port on CC1100 to a single-ended rf signal (c124 is also needed for dc blocking). together with an appropriate lc network, the balun components also transform the impedance to match a 50 ? antenna (or cable). component values for the rf balun and lc network are easily found using the smartrf ? studio software. suggested values for 315mhz, 433mhz and 868/915mhz are listed in table 15.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 15 of 68 crystal the crystal oscillator uses an external crystal with two loading capacitors (c81 and c101). see section 33 on page 37 for details. additional filtering additional external components (e.g. an rf saw filter) may be used in order to improve the performance in specific applications. power supply decoupling the power supply must be properly decoupled close to the supply pins. note that decoupling capacitors are not shown in the application circuit. the placement and the size of the decoupling capacitors are very important to achieve the optimum performance. chipcon provides a reference design that should be followed closely. component description c51 100nf decoupling capacitor for on-c hip voltage regulator to digital part c81/c101 crystal loading capacitors, see section 33 on page 37 for details c121/c131 rf balun/matching capacitors c122/c123 rf lc filter/matching capacitors c124 rf balun dc blocking capacitor c125 rf lc filter dc blocking capacitor (only needed if there is a dc path in the antenna) l121/l131 rf balun/matching inductors (inexpensive multi-layer type) l122/l123 rf lc filter/matching filter inductor (inexpensive multi-layer type) r171 56k ? resistor for internal bias current reference xtal 26mhz-27mhz crystal, see section 33 on page 37 for details table 14: overview of external components (excluding supply decoupling capacitors) antenna (50 ohm) digital inteface 1.8v-3.6v power supply 6 gdo0 7 csn 8 xosc_q1 9 avdd 10 xosc_q2 si 20 gnd 19 dguard 18 rbias 17 gnd 16 1 sclk 2 so (gdo1) 3 gdo2 4 dvdd 5 dcoupl avdd 15 avdd 14 rf_n 13 rf_p 12 avdd 11 xtal l122 l123 c122 c123 c125 r171 c81 c101 c51 csn gdo0 (optional) gdo2 (optional) so (gdo1) sclk si CC1100 die attach pad: c131 c121 l121 l131 c124 figure 3: typical application and evaluation circuit (excluding supply decoupling capacitors)
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 16 of 68 component value at 315mhz value at 433mhz value at 868/915mhz c51 100nf10%, 0402 x5r c81 27pf5%, 0402 np0 c101 27pf5%, 0402 np0 c121 6.8pf0.5pf, 0402 np0 3.9pf0.25pf, 0402 np0 2.2pf0.25pf, 0402 np0 c122 12pf5%, 0402 np0 8.2pf0.5pf, 0402 np0 3.9pf0.25pf, 0402 np0 c123 6.8pf0.5pf, 0402 np0 5.6pf0.5pf, 0402 np0 3.3pf0.25pf, 0402 np0 c124 220pf5%, 0402 np0 220pf5%, 0402 np0 100pf5%, 0402 np0 c125 or c126 220pf5%, 0402 np0 220pf5%, 0402 np0 100pf5%, 0402 np0 c131 6.8pf0.5pf, 0402 np0 3.9pf0.25pf, 0402 np0 2.2pf0.25pf, 0402 np0 l121 33nh5%, 0402 monolithic 27nh5%, 0402 monolithic 12nh5%, 0402 monolithic l122 18nh5%, 0402 monolithic 22nh5%, 0402 monolithic 5.6nh0.3nh, 0402 monolithic l123 33nh5%, 0402 monolithic 27nh5%, 0402 monolithic 12nh5%, 0402 monolithic l131 33nh5%, 0402 monolithic 27nh5%, 0402 monolithic 12nh5%, 0402 monolithic r171 56k ? 1%, 0402 xtal 26.0mhz surface mount crystal table 15: bill of materials for the appl ication circuit (subject to changes) 16 configuration overview CC1100 can be configured to achieve optimum performance for many different applications. configuration is done using the spi interface. the following key parameters can be programmed: ? power-down / power up mode ? crystal oscillator power-up / power-down ? receive / transmit mode ? rf channel selection ? data rate ? modulation format ? rx channel filter bandwidth ? rf output power ? data buffering with separate 64-byte receive and transmit fifos ? packet radio hardware support ? forward error correction with interleaving ? data whitening ? wake-on-radio (wor) details of each configur ation register can be found in section 37, starting on page 40. figure 4 shows a simplified state diagram that explains the main CC1100 states, together with typical usage and current consumption. for detailed information on controlling the CC1100 state machine, and a complete state diagram, see section 27, starting on page 30.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 17 of 68 transmit mode receive mode idle manual freq. synth. calibration rx fifo overflow tx fifo underflow frequency synthesizer on sfstxon srx or wake-on-radio (wor) stx stx stx or rxoff_mode=10 rxoff_mode=00 sftx srx or txoff_mode=11 sidle scal sfrx idle txoff_mode=00 sfstxon or rxoff_mode=01 srx or stx or sfstxon or wake-on-radio (wor) sleep spwd or wake-on-radio (wor) crystal oscillator off sxoff csn=0 csn=0 txoff_mode=01 frequency synthesizer startup, optional calibration, settling optional freq. synth. calibration default state when the radio is not receiving or transmitting. typ. current consumption: 1.9ma. lowest power mode. most register values are retained. current consumption typ 400na, or typ 900na when wake-on-radio (wor) is enabled. all register values are retained. typ. current consumption; 0.16ma. used for calibrating frequency synthesizer upfront (entering receive or transmit mode can then be done quicker). transitional state. typ. current consumption: 8.7ma. frequency synthesizer is turned on, can optionally be calibrated, and then settles to the correct frequency. transitional state. typ. current consumption: 8.7ma. frequency synthesizer is on, ready to start transmitting. transmission starts very quickly after receiving the stx command strobe.typ. current consumption: 8.7ma. typ. current consumption: 14ma at -10dbm output, 16ma at 0dbm output, 19ma at +5dbm output, 29ma at +10dbm output. typ. current consumption: from 14.2ma (strong input signal) to 15.4ma (weak input signal) at 2.4kbps. optional transitional state. typ. current consumption: 8.7ma. in fifo-based modes, transmission is turned off and this state entered if the tx fifo becomes empty in the middle of a packet. typ. current consumption: 1.9ma. in fifo-based modes, reception is turned off and this state entered if the rx fifo overflows. typ. current consumption: 1.9ma. figure 4: simplified state diagram, with typical usage and current consumption 17 configuration software CC1100 can be configured using the smartrf ? studio software, available for download from http://www.chipcon.com. the smartrf ? studio software is highly recommended for obtaining optimum register settings, and for evaluating performance and functionality. a screenshot of the smartrf ? studio user interface for CC1100 is shown in figure 5.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 18 of 68 figure 5: smartrf ? studio user interface 18 4-wire serial configuration and data interface CC1100 is configured via a simple 4-wire spi- compatible interface ( si , so , sclk and csn ) where CC1100 is the slave. this interface is also used to read and write buffered data. all address and data transfer on the spi interface is done most significant bit first. all transactions on the spi interface start with a header byte containing a read/write bit, a burst access bit and a 6-bit address. during address and data transfer, the csn pin (chip select, active low) must be kept low. if csn goes high during the access, the transfer will be cancelled. when csn goes low, the mcu must wait until the CC1100 so pin goes low before starting to transfer the header byte. this indicates that the voltage regulator has stabilized and the crystal is running. unle ss the chip was in the sleep or xoff states, the so pin will always go low immediately after taking csn low. 18.1 chip status byte when the header byte is sent on the spi interface, the chip status byte is sent by the CC1100 on the so pin. the status byte contains key status signals, useful for the mcu. the first bit, s7, is the chip_rdyn signal; this signal must go low before the first positive edge of sclk . the chip_rdyn signal indicates that the crystal is running and the regulated digital supply voltage is stable. bit 6, 5 and 4 comprises the state value. this value reflects the state of the chip. when idle the xosc and power to the digital core is on, but all other modules are in power down. the frequency and channel configuration should only be updated when the chip is in this state. the rx state will be active when the chip is in receive mode. likewise, tx is active when the chip is transmitting.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 19 of 68 the last four bits (3:0) in the status byte con- tains fifo_bytes_available. for read operations, the fifo_bytes_available field contains the number of bytes available for reading from the rx fifo. for write operations, the fifo_bytes_available field contains the number of bytes free for writing into the tx fifo. when fifo_bytes_available=15 , 15 or more bytes are available/free. 18.2 register access the configuration registers on the CC1100 are located on spi addresses from 0x00 to 0x2f . table 29 on page 42 lists all configuration registers. the detailed description of each register is found in section 37.1, starting on page 45. all configuration registers can be both written to and read. the read/write bit controls if the register should be written to or read. when writing to regi sters, the status byte is sent on the so pin each time a data byte to be written is transmitted on the si pin. registers with consec utive addresses can be accessed in an efficient way by setting the burst bit in the address header. the address sets the start address in an internal address counter. this counter is incremented by one each new byte (every 8 clock pulses). the burst access is either a read or a write access and must be terminated by setting csn high. for register addresses in the range 0x30- 0x3d, the ?burst? bit is used to select between status registers and command strobes (see below). the status regist ers can only be read. burst read is not availabl e for status registers, so they must be read one at a time. 18.3 command strobes command strobes may be viewed as single byte instructions to CC1100 . by addressing a command strobe register, internal sequences will be started. these commands are used to disable the crystal oscillator, enable receive mode, enable wake-on-radio etc. the 14 command strobes are listed in table 28 on page 41. the command strobe registers are accessed in the same way as for a register write operation, but no data is transferred. that is, only the r/w bit (set to 0), burst access (set to 0) and the six address bits (in the range 0x30 through 0x3d) are written. a command strobe may be followed by any other spi access without pulling csn high. the command strobes are executed immediately, with the exception of the spwd and the sxoff strobes that are executed when csn goes high. 18.4 fifo access the 64-byte tx fifo and the 64-byte rx fifo are accessed through the 0x3f addresses. when the read/write bit is zero, the tx fifo is accessed, and the rx fifo is accessed when the read/write bit is one. the tx fifo is write-only, while the rx fifo is read-only. the burst bit is used to determine if fifo access is single byte or a burst access. the single byte access method expects address with burst bit set to zero and one data byte. after the data byte a new address is expected; hence, csn can remain low. the burst access method expects one address byte and then consecutive data bytes until terminating the access by setting csn high. the following header bytes access the fifos: ? 0x3f: single byte access to tx fifo ? 0x7f: burst access to tx fifo ? 0xbf: single byte access to rx fifo ? 0xff: burst access to rx fifo when writing to the tx fifo, the status byte (see section 18.1) is output for each new data byte on so , as shown in figure 6. this status byte can be used to detect tx fifo underflow while writing data to the tx fifo. note that the status byte contains the number of bytes free before writing the byte in progress to the tx fifo. when the last byte that fits in the tx fifo is transmitted to the si pin, the status byte received concurrently on the so pin will indicate that one byte is free in the tx fifo. the transmit fifo may be flushed by issuing a sftx command strobe. similarly, a sfrx command strobe will flush the receive fifo. both fifos are cleared when going to the sleep state. 18.5 patable access the 0x3e address is used to access the patable , which is used for selecting pa
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 20 of 68 power control settings. the spi expects up to eight data bytes after receiving the address. by programming the patable , controlled pa power ramp-up and ramp-down can be achieved, as well as ask modulation shaping for reduced bandwidth. see section 32 on page 36 for output power programming details. the patable is an 8-byte table that defines the pa control settings to use for each of the eight pa power values (selected by the 3-bit value frend0.pa_power ). the table is written to and read from the lowest setting (0) to the highest (7), one byte at a time. an index counter is used to control the access to the table. this counter is incremented each time a byte is read or written to the table, and set to the lowest index when csn is high. when the highest value is reached the counter restarts at zero. the access to the patable is either single byte or burst access depending on the burst bit. when using burst access the index counter will count up; when reaching 7 the counter will restart at 0. the read/wr ite bit controls whether the access is a write access (r/w=0) or a read access (r/w=1). if one byte is written to the patable and this value is to be read out then csn must be set high before the read access in order to set the index counter back to zero. note that the content of the patable is lost when entering the sleep state, except for the first byte (index 0). 0 a6 a5 a4 a3 a2 a0 a1 d w 7 d w 6 d w 5 d w 4 d w 3 d w 2 d w 1 d w 0 1 a6 a5 a4 a3 a2 a0 a1 d r 7 d r 6 d r 5 d r 4 d r 3 d r 2 d r 1 d r 0 read from register: write to register: hi-z x sclk: csn: si so si so hi-z t sp t ch t cl t sd t hd t ns x x hi-z x s7 s 6 s 5 s 4 s 3 s 2 s 1 s 0 hi-z s7 s 6 s 5 s 4 s 3 s 2 s 1 s 0 s7 s 6 s 5 s 4 s 3 s 2 s 1 s 0 s7 x figure 6: configuration registers write and read operations parameter description min max f sclk sclk frequency 0 10mhz t sp,pd csn low to positive edge on sclk, in power-down mode tbd s - t sp csn low to positive edge on sclk, in active mode tbdns - t ch clock high 50ns - t cl clock low 50ns - t rise clock rise time - tbdns t fall clock rise time - tbdns t sd setup data to positive edge on sclk tbdns - t hd hold data after positive edge on sclk tbdns - t ns negative edge on sclk to csn high. tbdns - table 16: spi interface timing requirements
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 21 of 68 bits name description 7 chip_rdyn stays high until power and crystal hav e stabilized. should always be low when using the spi interface. 6:4 state[2:0] indicates the current main state machine mode value state description 000 idle idle state (also reported for some transitional states instead of settling or calibrate, due to a small error) 001 rx receive mode 010 tx transmit mode 011 fstxon fast tx ready 100 calibrate frequency synthesizer calibration is running 101 settling pll is settling 110 rxfifo_overflow rx fifo has overflowed. read out any useful data, then flush the fifo with sfrx 111 txfifo_underflow tx fifo has underflowed. acknowledge with sftx 3:0 fifo_bytes_available[3:0] the number of bytes available in the rx fifo or free bytes in the tx fifo (depends on the read/write-bit). if fifo_bytes_available=15, it indicates that 15 or more bytes are available/free. table 17: status byte summary data byte 0 a ddr fifo data byte 1 data byte 2 data byte n-1 data byte n ... a ddr strobe data a ddr strobe a ddr reg a ddr reg n data n data n+1 data n+2 ... a ddr strobe ... csn: command strobe(s): read or write register(s): r ead or write consecutive registers (burst): data a ddr reg data a ddr reg ... data byte 0 a ddr fifo data byte 1 combinations: data a ddr reg data a ddr reg a ddr strobe a ddr strobe ... read or write n+1 bytes from/to rf fifo: figure 7: register access types 19 microcontroller interface and pin configuration in a typical system, CC1100 will interface to a microcontroller. this microcontroller must be able to: ? program CC1100 into different modes, ? read and write buffered data ? read back status information via the 4-wire spi-bus configuration interface ( si , so , sclk and csn ). 19.1 configuration interface the microcontroller uses four i/o pins for the spi configuration interface ( si , so , sclk and csn ). the spi is described in section 18 on page 18. 19.2 general control and status pins the CC1100 has two dedicated configurable pins and one shared pin that can output internal status information useful for control software. these pins can be used to generate interrupts on the mcu. see section 35 page 38 for more details of the signals that can be programmed. the dedicated pins are called gdo0 and gdo2 . the shared pin is the so pin in the spi interface. the default setting for gdo1/so is 3-state output. by selecting any
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 22 of 68 other of the programming options the gdo1/so pin will become a generic pin. when csn is low, the pin will always function as a normal so pin. in the synchronous and asynchronous serial modes, the gdo0 pin is used as a serial tx data input pin while in transmit mode. the gdo0 pin can also be used for an on-chip analog temperature sensor. by measuring the voltage on the gdo0 pin with an external adc, the temperature can be calculated. specifications for the temperature sensor are found in section 10 on page 11. the temperature sensor output is usually only available when the frequency synthesizer is enabled (e.g. the mancal, fstxon, rx and tx states). it is necessa ry to write 0xbf to the ptest register to use the analog temperature sensor in the idle state. before leaving the idle state, the ptest register should be restored to its default value (0x7f). 19.3 optional radio control feature the CC1100 has an optional way of controlling the radio, by reusing si , sclk and csn from the spi interface. this feature allows for a simple three-pin control of the major states of the radio: sleep, idle, rx and tx. this optional functionality is enabled with the mcsm0.pin_ctrl_en configuration bit. state changes are commanded as follows when csn is high the si and sclk is set to the desired state according to table 18. when csn goes low the state of si and sclk is latched and a command strobe is generated internally according to the pin configuration. it is only possible to change state with this functionality. that mean s that for instance rx will not be restarted if si and sclk are set to rx and csn toggles. when csn is low the si and sclk has normal spi functionality. csn sclk si function 1 x x chip unaffected by sclk/ si 0 0 generates spwd strobe 0 1 generates stx strobe 1 0 generates sidle strobe 1 1 generates srx strobe 0 spi mode spi mode spi mode (wakes up into idle if in sleep/xoff) table 18: optional pin control coding all pin control command strobes are executed immediately, except the spwd strobe, which is delayed until csn goes high. 20 data rate programming the data rate used when transmitting, or the data rate expected in receive is programmed by the mdmcfg3.drate_m and the mdmcfg4.drate_e configuration registers. the data rate is given by the formula below. as the formula shows, the programmed data rate depends on the crystal frequency. () xosc e drate data f m drate r ? ? + = 28 _ 2 2 _ 256 the following approach can be used to find suitable values for a given data rate: 256 2 2 _ 2 log _ _ 28 20 2 ? ? ? = ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? = e drate xosc data xosc data f r m drate f r e drate if drate_m is rounded to the nearest integer and becomes 256, increment drate_e and use drate_m =0. 21 receiver channel filter bandwidth in order to meet different channel width requirements, the receiver channel filter is programmable. the mdmcfg4.chanbw_e and mdmcfg4.chanbw_m configuration registers control the receiver channel filter bandwidth, which scales with the crystal oscillator frequency. the following formula gives the relation between the register settings and the channel filter bandwidth: e chanbw xosc channel m chanbw f bw _ 2 ) _ 4 ( 8 + ? =
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 23 of 68 the CC1100 supports channel filter bandwidths between 54-63khz and 600-700khz 1 . above 300khz bandwidth, however, the sensitivity and blocking performance may be somewhat degraded. for best performance, the channel filter bandwidth should be selected so that the signal bandwidth occupies at most 80% of the channel filter bandwidth. the channel centre 1 the combination of chanbw_e=0 and chanbw_m=0 is not supported. exact limits depend on crystal frequency. tolerance due to crystal accuracy should also be subtracted from the signal bandwidth. the following example illustrates this: with the channel filter bandwidth set to 500khz, the signal shoul d stay within 80% of 500khz, which is 400khz. assuming 915mhz frequency and 20ppm frequency uncertainty for both the transmitting device and the receiving device, the total frequency uncertainty is 40ppm of 915mhz, which is 37khz. if the whole transmitted signal bandwidth is to be received within 400khz, the transmitted signal bandwidth should be maximum 400khz?237khz, which is 326khz. 22 demodulator, symbol synchronizer and data decision CC1100 contains an advanced and highly configurable demodulator. channel filtering and frequency offset compensation is performed digitally. to generate the rssi level (see section 25.2 for more information) the signal level in the channel is estimated. data filtering is also included for enhanced performance. 22.1 frequency offset compensation when using 2-fsk, gfsk or msk modulation, the demodulator will compensate for the offset between the transmitter and receiver frequency, within certain limits, by estimating the centre of the received data. this value is available in the freqest status register. by issuing the safc command strobe, the measured offset, freqest.freqoff_est, can automatically be used to adjust the frequency offset programming in the frequency synthesizer. this will add the current rx frequency offset estimate to the value in fsctrl0.freqoff , which adjust the synthesizer frequency. thus, the frequency offset will be compensated in both rx and tx when the safc command strobe is used. to avoid compensating for frequency offsets measured without a valid signal in the rf channel, freqest.freqoff_est is copied to an internal register when issuing the safc strobe in rx, and when a synch word is detected. if safc was issued in rx, this internal value is added to fsctrl0.freqoff after exiting rx. issuing safc when not in rx will immediately add the internal register value to fsctrl0.freqoff . thus, the safc strobe should be issued when currently receiving a packet, or outside the rx state. note that frequency offset compensation is not supported for ask or ook modulation. 22.2 bit synchronization the bit synchronization algorithm extracts the clock from the incoming symbols. the algorithm requires that the expected data rate is programmed as described in section 20 on page 22. re-synchronization is performed continuously to adjust for error in the incoming symbol rate. 22.3 byte synchronization byte synchronization is achieved by a continuous sync word search. the sync word is a 16 or 32 bit configurable field that is automatically inserted at the start of the packet by the modulator in transmit mode. the demodulator uses this field to find the byte boundaries in the stream of bits. the sync word will also function as a system identifier, since only packets with the correct predefined sync word will be rece ived. the sync word detector correlates against the user-configured 16-bit sync word. the correlation threshold can be set to 15/16 bits match or 16/16 bits match. the sync word can be further qualified using the preamble quality indicator mechanism described below and/or a carrier sense condition. the sync word is programmed with sync1 and sync0. in order to make false detections of sync words less likely, a mechanism called preamble quality indication (pqi) can be used
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 24 of 68 to qualify the sync word. a threshold value for the preamble quality must be exceeded in order for a detected sync word to be accepted. see section 25.1 on page 27 for more details. 23 packet handling hardware support the CC1100 has built-in hardware support for packet oriented radio protocols. in transmit mode, the packet handler will add the following elements to the packet stored in the tx fifo: ? a programmable number of preamble bytes. ? a two byte synchronization word. can be duplicated to give a 4-byte sync word. ? optionally whiten the data with a pn9 sequence. ? optionally interleave and forward error code the data. ? optionally compute and add a crc checksum over the data field. in receive mode, the packet handling support will de-construct the data packet: ? preamble detection. ? sync word detection. ? optional one byte address check. ? optionally compute and check crc. ? optionally append two status bytes (see table 19 and table 20) with rssi value, link quality indication and crc status. bit field name description 7:0 rssi rssi value, bit 6:2 of rssi register. this number is 2's complement and implicit a negative number table 19: received packet status byte 1 bit field name description 7 crc_ok 1: crc for received data ok (or crc disabled) 0: crc error in received data 6:0 lqi indicating the link quality table 20: received packet status byte 1 the recommended setting is 4-byte preamble and 2-byte sync word. note that register fields that control the packet handling features should only be altered when CC1100 is in the idle state. 23.1 data whitening from a radio perspective, the ideal over the air data are random and dc free. this results in the smoothest power distribution over the occupied bandwidth. this also gives the regulation loops in the receiver uniform operation conditions (no data dependencies). real world data often contain long sequences of zeros and ones. performance can then be improved by whitening the data before transmitting, and de-whitening in the receiver. with CC1100 , this can be done automatically by setting pktctrl0.white_data=1 . all data, except the preamble and the sync word, are then xor-ed with a 9-bit pseudo-random (pn9) sequence before being transmitted. at the receiver end, the data are xor-ed with the same pseudo-random sequence. this way, the whitening is reversed, and the original data appear in the receiver. setting pktctrl0.white_data=1 is recom- mended for all uses, except when over-the-air compatibility with other systems is needed. 23.2 packet format the format of the data packet can be configured and consists of the following items: ? preamble ? synchronization word ? length byte or constant programmable packet length ? optional address byte ? payload ? optional 2 byte crc the preamble pattern is an alternating sequence of ones and zeros (01010101?). the minimum length of the preamble is programmable. when enabling tx, the modulator will start transmitting the preamble. when the programmed number of preamble
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 25 of 68 bytes has been transmitted, the modulator will send the sync word and then data from the tx fifo if data is available. if the tx fifo is empty, the modulator will continue to send preamble bytes until the first byte is written to the tx fifo. the modulator will then send the sync word and then the data bytes. the number of preamble bytes is programmed with the mdmcfg1.num_preamble value. the synchronization word is a two-byte value set in the sync1 and sync0 registers. the sync word provides byte synchronization of the incoming packet. a one-byte synch word can be emulated by setting the sync1 value to the preamble pattern. it is also possible to emulate a 32 bit sync word by using mdmcfg2.sync_mode= 3 or 7. the sync word will then be repeated twice. CC1100 supports both constant packet length protocols and variable length protocols. variable or fixed packet length mode can be used for packet up to 255 bytes. for longer packets, infinite packet length mode must be used. fixed packet length mode is selected by setting pktctrl0.length_config=0 . the desired packet length is set by the pktlen register. the packet length is defined as the payload data, excluding the length byte and the optional automatic crc. in variable length mode, pktctrl0.length_config=1, the packet length is configured by the first byte after the sync word. the pktlen register is used to set the maximum packet length allowed in rx. any packet received with a length byte with a value greater than pktlen will be discarded. with pktctrl0.length_config =2, the packet length is set to infinite and transmission and reception will continue until turned off manually. the infinite mode can be turned off while a packet is being transmitted or received. as described in the next section, this can be used to support packet formats with different length configuration than natively supported by CC1100 . note that the minimum packet length supported (excluding the optional length byte and crc) is one byte of payload data. 23.2.1 arbitrary length field configuration the fixed length field can be reprogrammed during receive and transmit. this opens the possibility to have a different length field configuration than supported for variable length packets. at the st art of reception, the packet length is set to a large value. the mcu reads out enough bytes to interpret the length field in the packet. then the pktlen value is set according to this value. the end of packet will occur when the byte counter in the packet handler is equal to the pktlen register. thus, the mcu must be able to program the correct length, before the internal counter reaches the packet length. by utilizing the infinite packet length option, arbitrary packet length is available. at the start of the packet, the infinite mode must be active. when less than 256 bytes remains of the packet, the mcu sets the pktlen register to mod(length, 256) , disables infinite packet length and activates fixed length packets. when the internal byte counter reaches the pktlen value, the transmission or reception ends. automatic crc appending/checking can be used (by setting pktctrl0.crc_en to 1). when for example a 454-byte packet is to be transmitted, the mcu does the following: ? set pktctrl0.length_config =2 (10). ? pre-program the pktlen register to mod(454,256)=198. ? transmit at least 198 bytes, for example by filling the 64-byte tx fifo four times (256 bytes transmitted). ? set pktctrl0.length_config =0 (00). ? the transmission ends when the packet counter reaches 198. a total of 256+198=454 bytes are transmitted.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 26 of 68 preamble bits (1010...1010) sync word length field address field data field crc-16 optional crc-16 calculation optionally fec encoded/decoded 8 x n bits 16/32 bits 8 bits 8 bits 8 x n bits 16 bits optional data whitening legend: inserted automatically in tx, processed and removed in rx. optional user-provided fields processed in tx, processed but not removed in rx. unprocessed user data (apart from fec and/or whitening) figure 8: packet format 23.3 packet filtering in receive mode CC1100 supports two different packet-filtering criteria; address filtering and maximum length filtering. setting pktctrl1.adr_chk to any other value than zero enables the packet address filter. the packet handler engine will compare the destination address byte in the packet with the programmed node address in the addr register and the 0x00 broadcast address when pktctrl1.adr_chk=10 or both 0x00 and 0xff broadcast addresses when pktctrl1.adr_chk=11 . if the received address matches a valid address, the packet is received and written into the rx fifo. if the address match fails, the packet is discarded. in the variable packet length mode the pktlen.packet_length register value is used to set the maximum allowed packet length. if the received length byte has a larger value than this, the packet is discarded. in both cases, receive mode is restarted after discarding the current packet (regardless of the mcsm1.rxoff_mode setting). 23.4 packet handling in transmit mode the payload that is to be transmitted must be written into the tx fifo. the first byte written must be the length byte when variable packet length is enabled. the length byte has a value equal to the payload of the packet (including the optional address byte). if fixed packet length is enabled, then the first byte written to the tx fifo is interpreted as the destination address, if this feature is enabled in the device that receives the packet. the modulator will first send the programmed number of preamble bytes. if data is available in the tx fifo, the mo dulator will send the two-byte (optionally 4-byte) sync word and then the payload in the tx fifo. if crc is enabled, the checksum is calculated over all the data pulled from the tx fifo and the result is sent as two extra bytes at the end of the payload data. if whitening is enabled, the length byte, payload data and the two crc bytes will be whitened. this is done before the optional fec/interleaver stage. whitening is enabled by setting pktctrl0.white_data=1 . if fec/interleaving is enabled, the length byte, payload data and the two crc bytes will be scrambled by the interleaver, and fec encoded before being modulated. 23.5 packet handling in receive mode in receive mode, the demodulator and packet handler will search for a valid preamble and the sync word. when found, the demodulator has obtained both bit and byte synchronism and will receive the first payload byte. if fec/interleaving is enabled, the fec decoder will start to decode the first payload byte. the interleaver will de-scramble the bits before any other processing is done to the data. if whitening is enabled, the data will be de- whitened at this stage. when variable packet length is enabled, the first byte is the length byte. the packet handler stores this value as the packet length and receives the number of bytes indicated by the length byte. if fixed packet length is used, the packet handler will accept the programmed number of bytes. next, the packet handler optionally checks the address and only continues the reception if the address matches. if autom atic crc check is enabled, the packet handler computes crc and matches it with the appended crc checksum. at the end of the payload, the packet handler will optionally write two extra packet status bytes (see table 19 and table 20) that contain
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 27 of 68 crc status, link quality indication and rssi value. 24 modulation formats CC1100 supports amplitude, frequency and phase shift modulation formats. the desired modulation format is set in the mdmcfg2.mod_format register. optionally, the data stream can be manchester coded by the modulator and decoded by the demodulator. this option is enabled by setting mdmcfg2.manchester_en =1. manchester encoding is not supported at the same time as using the fec/interleaver option. manchester coding can be used with the 2-ary modulation formats (2-fsk, gfsk, ask/ook and msk). 24.1 frequency shift keying 2-fsk can optionally be shaped by a gaussian filter with bt=1, producing a gfsk modulated signal. the frequency deviation is programmed with the deviation_m and deviation_e values in the deviatn register. the value has an exponent/mantissa form, and the resultant deviation is given by: e deviation xosc dev m deviation f f _ 17 2 ) _ 8 ( 2 ? + ? = the symbol encoding is shown in table 21. format symbol coding 2-fsk/gfsk ?0? ? deviation ?1? + deviation table 21: symbol encoding for 2-fsk/gfsk modulation 24.2 minimum shift keying when using msk 2 , the complete transmission (preamble, sync word and payload) will be msk modulated. phase shifts are performed with a constant transition time. this means that the rate of change for the 180-degree transition is twice that of the 90-degree transition. the fraction of a symbol period used to change the phase can be modified with the deviatn.deviation_m setting. this is equivalent to changing the shaping of the symbol. setting deviatn.deviation_m=7 will generate a standard shaped msk signal. 24.3 amplitude modulation CC1100 supports two different forms of amplitude modulation: on-off keying (ook) and amplitude shift keying (ask). ook modulation simply turns on or off the pa to modulate 1 and 0 respectively. when using ask the modulation dept h (the difference between 1 and 0) can be programmed, and the power ramping will be shaped. this will produce a more bandwidth constrained output spectrum. 2 identical to offset qpsk with half-sine shaping (data coding may differ) 25 received signal qualifiers and link quality information CC1100 has several qualifier values that are used to increase the requirements that must be fulfilled before a search for a valid sync word is started. 25.1 preamble quality threshold (pqt) the preamble quality threshold (pqt) sync- word qualifier adds the requirement that the received sync word must be preceded with a preamble with a quality above the programmed threshold. another use of the preamble quality threshold is as a qualifier for the optional rx termination timer. see section 27.7 on page 33 for details. the preamble quality estimator increases an internal counter by one each time a bit is received that is different from the previous bit, and decreases the counter by 4 each time a bit is received that is the same as the last bit. the counter saturates at 0 and 31. the threshold is configured with the register field pktctrl1.pqt . a threshold of 4 pqt for this counter is used to gate sync word detection.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 28 of 68 by setting the value to zero, the preamble quality qualifier of the synch word is disabled. a ?preamble quality reached? flag can also be observed on one of the gdo pins and in the status register bit pktstatus.pqt_reached . this flag asserts when the received signal exceeds the pqt. 25.2 rssi the rssi value is an estimate of the signal level in the current channel. this value is based on the current gain setting in the rx chain and the measured signal level in the channel. in rx mode, the rssi value can be read continuously from the r ssi status register, until the demodulator detects a sync word (when sync word detection is enabled). at that point, the rssi readout value is frozen until the next time the chip ent ers the rx state. the rssi value is in db with ?db resolution. if pktctrl1.append_status is enabled, a snapshot of the rssi dur ing the first 8 bytes of the packet is automatically added to the end of each received packet. 25.3 carrier sense (cs) the carrier sense flag is used as a sync word qualifier and for cca. the cs flag can be set based on two conditions, which can be individually adjusted: ? cs is asserted when the rssi is above a programmable absolute threshold, and de- asserted when rssi is below the same threshold (with hysteresis). ? cs is asserted when the rssi has increased with a programmable number of db from one rssi sample to the next, and de-asserted when rssi has decreased with the same number of db. this setting is not dependent on the absolute signal level and is thus useful to detect signals in environments with time varying noise floor. carrier sense (cs) can be used as a sync word qualifier that requires the signal level to be higher than the threshold for a sync word search to be performed. the signal can also be observed on one of the gdo pins and in the status register bit pktstatus.cs . other uses of carrier sense include the tx-if- cca function (see section 25.4 on page 28) and the optional fast rx termination (see section 27.7 on page 33). 25.4 clear channel assessment (cca) the clear channel assessment is used to indicate if the current channel is free or busy. the current cca state is viewable on any of gdo pins. mcsm1.cca_mode selects the mode to use when determining cca. when the stx or sfstxon command strobe is given while CC1100 is in the rx state, the tx state is only entered if the clear channel requirements are fulfilled. the chip will otherwise remain in rx. this feature is called tx if cca. four cca requirements can be programmed: ? always (cca disabled, always goes to tx) ? if rssi is below threshold ? unless currently receiving a packet ? both the above (rssi below threshold and not currently receiving a packet) 25.5 link quality indicator (lqi) the link quality indicator is a metric of the current quality of the received signal. if pktctrl1.append_status is enabled, the value is automatically appended to the end of each received packet. the value can also be read from the lqi status register. the lqi is calculated over the 64 symbols following the sync word (first 8 packet bytes). lqi is best used as a relative measurement of the link quality, since the value is dependent on the modulation format.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 29 of 68 26 forward error correction with interleaving 26.1 forward error correction (fec) CC1100 has built in support for forward error correction (fec). to enable this option, set mdmcfg1.fec_en to 1. fec is employed on the data field and crc word in order to reduce the gross bit error rate when operating near the sensitivity limit. redundancy is added to the transmitted data in such a way that the receiver can restore the original data in the presence of some bit errors. the use of fec allows correct reception at a lower snr, thus extending communication range. alternatively, for a given snr, using fec decreases the bit erro r rate (ber). as the packet error rate (per) is related to ber by: length packet ber per _ ) 1 ( 1 ? ? = , a lower ber can be used to allow significantly longer packets, or a higher percentage of packets of a given length, to be transmitted successfully. finally, in realistic ism radio environments, transient and time-varying phenomena will produce occasional errors even in otherwise good reception conditions. fec will mask such errors and, combined with interleaving of the coded data, even correct relatively long periods of faulty reception (burst errors). the fec scheme adopted for CC1100 is convolutional coding, in which n bits are generated based on k input bits and the m most recent input bits, forming a code stream able to withstand a certain number of bit errors between each coding state (the m -bit window). the convolutional coder is a rate 1/2 code with a constraint length of m=4. the coder codes one input bit and produces two output bits; hence, the effective data rate is halved. 26.2 interleaving data received through re al radio channels will often experience burst errors due to interference and time-varying signal strengths. in order to increase the robustness to errors spanning multiple bits , interleaving is used when fec is enabled. after de-interleaving, a continuous span of errors in the received stream will become single errors spread apart. CC1100 employs matrix interleaving, which is illustrated in figure 9. the on-chip interleaving and de-interleaving buffers are 4 x 4 matrices. in the transmitter, the data bits are written into the rows of the matrix, whereas the bit sequence to be transmitted is read from the columns of the matrix and fed to the rate ? convolutional coder. conversely, in the receiver, the received symbols are written into the columns of the matrix, whereas the data passed onto the convolutional decoder is read from the rows of the matrix. when fec and interleaving is used, the amount of data transmitted over the air must be a multiple of the size of the interleaver buffer (two bytes). in addition, at least one extra byte is required for trellis termination. the packet control hardware therefore automatically inserts one or two extra bytes at the end of the packet, so that the total length of the data to be interleaved is an even number. note that t hese extra bytes are invisible to the user, as they are removed before the received packet enters the rx fifo. due to the implementation of the fec and interleaver, the data to be interleaved must be at least two bytes. one byte long fixed length packets without crc is therefore not supported when fec/interleaving is enabled. receiver transmitter 1) storing coded data 2) transmitting interleaved data 4) passing on data to decoder 3) receiving interleaved data tx data demodulator modulator encoder rx data decoder figure 9: general principle of matrix interleaving
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 30 of 68 27 radio control tx 19,20 rx 13,14,15 idle 1 calibrate 8 mancal 3,4,5 settling 9,10,11 rx_overflow 17 tx_underflow 22 rxtx_settling 21 fstxon 18 sfstxon fs_autocal = 00 | 10 | 11 & srx | stx | sfstxon | wor srx | wor stx stx txfifo_underflow stx | rxoff_mode = 10 rxoff_mode = 00 & fs_autocal = 10 | 11 sftx srx | txoff_mode = 11 sidle scal cal_complete fs_autocal = 01 & srx | stx | sfstxon | wor rxfifo_overflow cal_complete sfrx calibrate 12 idle 1 txoff_mode = 00 & fs_autocal = 10 | 11 rxoff_mode = 00 & fs_autocal = 00 | 01 txoff_mode = 00 & fs_autocal = 00 | 01 txoff_mode = 10 rxoff_mode = 11 sfstxon | rxoff_mode = 01 txrx_settling 16 srx | stx | sfstxon | wor sleep 0 spwd | swor xoff 2 sxoff csn = 0 csn = 0 | wor ( stx | sfstxon ) & cca | rxoff_mode = 01 | 10 txoff_mode=01 fs_wakeup 6,7 figure 10: complete radio control state diagram CC1100 has a built-in state machine that is used to switch between different operation states (modes). the change of state is done either by using command strobes or by internal events such as tx fifo underflow. a simplified state diagram, together with typical usage and current consumption, is shown in figure 4 on page 17. the complete radio control state diagram is shown in figure 10. the numbers refer to the state number readable in the marcstate status register. this functionality is pr imarily for test purposes.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 31 of 68 27.1 power on start-up sequence when the power supply is turned on, the system must be reset. one of the following two sequences must be followed: automatic power-on reset or manual reset. a power-on reset circuit is included in the CC1100 . the minimum requirements stated in section 12 must be followed for the power-on reset to function properly. the internal power- up sequence is completed when chip_rdyn goes low. chip_rdyn is observed on the so pin after csn is pulled low. see section 18.1 for more details on chip_rdyn . the other global reset possibility on CC1100 is the sres command strobe. by issuing this strobe, all internal registers and states are set to the default, idle state. the power-up sequence is as follows (see figure 11): ? set sclk=1 and si =0, to avoid potential problems with pin control mode (see section 19.3 on page 22). ? strobe csn low / high. ? hold csn high for at least 40s. ? pull csn low and wait for so to go low ( chip_rdyn ). ? issue the sres strobe. ? when so goes low again, reset is complete and the chip is in the idle state. csn so 40s sres done unknown/ don't care figure 11: power-up with sres it is recommended to always send a sres command strobe on the spi interface after power-on even though power-on reset is used. 27.2 crystal control the crystal oscillator (xosc) is either automatically controlled or always on, if mcsm0.xosc_force_on is set. in the automatic mode, the xosc will be turned off if the sxoff or spwd command strobes are issued; the state machine then goes to xoff or sleep respectively. this can be done from any state. the xosc will be turned off when csn is released (goes high). the xosc will be automatically turned on again when csn goes low. the state machine will then go to the idle state. the so pin on the spi interface must be zero before the spi interface is ready to be used; as described in section 18 on page 18. if the xosc is forced on, the crystal will always stay on even in the sleep state. crystal oscillator start-up time depends on crystal esr and load capacitances. the electrical specification for the crystal oscillator can be found in section 7 on page 9. 27.3 voltage regulator control the voltage regulator to the digital core is controlled by the radio controller. when the chip enters the sleep state, which is the state with the lowest current consumption, this regulator is disabled. this occurs after csn is released when a spwd command strobe has been sent on the spi interface. the chip is now in the sleep state. setting csn low again will turn on the regulator and crystal oscillator and make the chip enter the idle state. when wake on radio is enabled, the wor module will control the voltage regulator as described in section 27.5. 27.4 active modes CC1100 has two active modes: receive and transmit. these modes are activated directly by the mcu by using the srx and stx command strobes, or aut omatically by wake on radio. the frequency synthesizer must be calibrated regularly. CC1100 has one manual calibration option (using the scal strobe), and three automatic calibration opt ions, controlled by the mcsm0.fs_autocal setting: ? calibrate when going from idle to either rx or tx (or fstxon) ? calibrate when going from either rx or tx to idle ? calibrate every fourth time when going from either rx or tx to idle the calibration takes a constant number of xosc cycles (see table 22 for timing details).
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 32 of 68 when rx is activated, the chip will remain in receive mode until the rx termination timer expires (see section 27.7) or a packet has been successfully received. after one of these events, the radio contro ller will go to the state indicated by the mcsm1.rxoff_mode setting. the possible destinations are: ? idle ? fstxon: frequency synthesizer on and ready at the tx frequency. activate tx with stx . ? tx: start sending preambles ? rx: start search for a new packet similarly, when tx is active the chip will remain in the tx state until the current packet has been successfully transmitted. then the state will change as indicated by the mcsm1.txoff_mode setting. the possible destinations are the same as for rx. the mcu can manually change the state from rx to tx and vice versa by using the command strobes. if the radio controller is currently in transmit and the srx strobe is used, the current transmission will be ended and the transition to rx will be done. if the radio controller is in rx when the stx or sfstxon command strobes are used, the ?tx if clear channel? functi on will be used. if the channel is not clear, the chip will remain in rx. the mcsm1.cca_mode setting controls the conditions for clear channel assessment. see section 25.4 on page 28 for details. the sidle command strobe can always be used to force the radio controller to go to the idle state. 27.5 wake on radio (wor) the optional wake on radio (wor) functionality enables CC1100 to periodically wake up from deep sleep and listen for incoming packets without mcu interaction. when wor is enabled, the CC1100 will go to the sleep state when csn is released after the swor command strobe has been sent on the spi interface. the rc oscillator must be enabled before the wor strobe can be used, as it is the clock sour ce for the wor timer. the on-chip timer will get CC1100 back into the idle state when the timer expires. after a programmable time in rx, the chip goes back to sleep, unless a packet is received. see section 27.7 for details on how the timeout works. CC1100 can be set up to signal the mcu that a packet has been received by using the gdo pins. if a packet is received, the mcsm1.rxoff_mode will determine the behaviour at the end of the received packet. when the mcu has read the packet, it can put the chip back into sleep with the swor strobe. the fifo will lose its contents in the sleep state. the wor timer has two events, event 0 and event 1. in the sleep state with wor activated, reaching event 0 will turn the digital regulator and start the crystal oscillator. event 1 follows event 0 after a programmed timeout. the time between two consecutive event 0 is programmed with a mantissa value given by worevt1.event0 and worevt0.event0 , and an exponent value set by worctrl.wor_res . the equation is: res wor xosc event event f t _ 5 0 2 0 750 ? ? ? = the event 1 timeout is programmed with worctrl.event1 . figure 12 shows the timing relationship between event 0 timeout and event 1 timeout. t event0 t event1 event1 event0 event1 event0 t event1 t event0 t figure 12: event 0 and event 1 relationship the wor functionality has two control modes selected by the pktctrl1.wor_autosync bit. when this value is set to 0, the radio will wake up on event 0 and enable rx on event 1. this ensures that rx is entered at a precise time. when pktctrl1.wor_autosync is set to 1, after event 0 wakes up th e chip, it will enter rx mode as soon as the chip is ready. when a sync word is detected, the wor timer will be reset to the programmed event 1 value. the timer will now be synchronized to the received packet. by programming event 0 to the packet spacing time and event 1 to a time large
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 33 of 68 enough to wake up the chip and receive a sync word, the timer will stay self- synchronized to the incoming packets. 27.5.1 rc oscillator and timing the frequency of the lo w-power rc oscillator used for the wor functionality varies with temperature and supply voltage. in order to keep the frequency as accurate as possible, the rc oscillator will be calibrated whenever possible, which is when the xosc is running and the chip is not in the sleep state. when the power and xosc is enabled, the clock used by the wor timer is a divided xosc clock. when the chip goes to the sleep state, the rc oscillator will use the last valid calibration result. the frequency of the rc oscillator is locked to the main crystal frequency divided by 750. description xosc periods 26mhz crystal idle to rx, no calibration 2298 88.4 s idle to rx, with calibration ~21037 809 s idle to tx/fstxon, no calibration 2298 88.4 s idle to tx/fstxon, with calibration ~21037 809 s tx to rx switch 560 21.5 s rx to tx switch 250 9.6 s rx or tx to idle, no calibration 2 0.1 s rx or tx to idle, with calibration ~18739 721 s manual calibration ~18739 721 s table 22: state transition timing 27.6 timing the radio controller controls most timing in CC1100 , such as synthesizer calibration, pll lock and rt/tx turnaround times. timing from idle to rx and idle to tx is constant, dependent on the auto calibration setting. rx/tx and tx/rx turnaround times are constant. the calibration time is constant 18739 clock periods. table 22 shows timing in crystal clock cycles for key state transitions. power on time and xosc start-up times are variable, but within the limits stated in table 7. 27.7 rx termination timer CC1100 has optional functions for automatic termination of rx after a programmable time. the main use for this functionality is wake-on- radio (wor), but it may be useful for other applications. the termination timer starts when enabling the demodulator. the timeout is programmable with the mcsm2.rx_time setting. when the timer expires, the radio controller will check the condition for staying in rx; if the condition is not met, rx will terminate. after the timeout, the condition will be checked continuously. the programmable conditions are: ? mcsm2.rx_time_qual=0 : continue receive if sync word has been found ? mcsm2.rx_time_qual=1 : continue receive if sync word has been found or preamble quality is above threshold (pqt) if the system can expect the transmission to have started when enabling the receiver, the mcsm2.rx_time_rssi function can be used. the radio controller will then terminate rx if the first valid carrier sense sample indicates no carrier (rssi below threshold). see section 25.3 on page 28 for details on carrier sense. for ask/ook modulation, lack of carrier sense is only considered valid after eight symbol periods. thus, the mcsm2.rx_time_rssi function can be used in ask/ook mode when the distance between ?1? symbols is 8 or less. if rx terminates due to no carrier sense when the mcsm2.rx_time_rssi function is used, or if no sync word was found when using the mcsm2.rx_time timeout function, the chip will always go back to idle. otherwise, the mcsm1.rxoff_mode setting determines the state to go to when rx ends. note that in wake-on-radio (wor) mode, the wor state is cleared in the latter case. this means that the chip w ill not automatically go back to sleep again, even if e.g. the address field in the packet did not match. it is therefore recommended to always wake up the microcontroller on sync word detection when using wor mode. this can be done by selecting output signal 6 (see table 27 on page 39) on one of the programmable gdo output pins, and programming the microcontroller to wake up on an edge- triggered interrupt from this gdo pin.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 34 of 68 28 data fifo the CC1100 contains two 64 byte fifos, one for received data and one for data to be transmitted. the spi interface is used to read from the rx fifo and write to the tx fifo. section 18.4 contains details on the spi fifo access. the fifo controller will detect overflow in the rx fifo and underflow in the tx fifo. when writing to the tx fifo it is the responsibility of the mc u to avoid tx fifo overflow. this will not be detected by the CC1100 . likewise, when reading the rx fifo the mcu must avoid reading the rx fifo past its empty value, since this will lead to an error that is not detected by the CC1100 . the chip status byte that is available on the so pin while transferring the spi address contains the fill grade of the rx fi fo if the address is a read operation and the fill grade of the tx fifo is the address is a write operation. section 18.1 on page 18 contains more details on this. the number of bytes in the rx fifo and tx fifo can also be read from the status registers rxbytes.num_rxbytes and txbytes.num_txbytes respectively. the 4-bit fifothr.fifo_thr setting is used to program threshold points in the fifos. table 23 lists the 16 fifo_thr settings and the corresponding thresholds for the rx and tx fifos. the threshold value is coded in opposite directions for the rx fifo and tx fifo. this gives equal margin to the overflow and underflow conditions when the threshold is reached. a flag will assert when the number of bytes in the fifo is equal to or higher than the programmed threshold. the flag is used to generate the fifo status signals that can be viewed on the gdo pins (see section 35 on page 38). figure 14 shows the number of bytes in both the rx fifo and tx fifo when the threshold flag toggles, in the case of fifo_thr =13. figure 13 shows the flag as the respective fifo is filled above the threshold, and then drained below. 53 54 55 56 53 54 55 56 57 6 7 8 9 6 7 8 9 10 num_rxbytes gdo num_txbytes gdo figure 13: fifo_thr =13 vs. number of bytes in fifo fifo_thr bytes in tx fifo bytes in rx fifo 0 (0000) 61 4 1 (0001) 57 8 2 (0010) 53 12 3 (0011) 49 16 4 (0100) 45 20 5 (0101) 41 24 6 (0110) 37 28 7 (0111) 33 32 8 (1000) 29 36 9 (1001) 25 40 10 (1010) 21 44 11 (1011) 17 48 12 (1100) 13 52 13 (1101) 9 56 14 (1110) 5 60 15 (1111) 1 64 table 23: fifo_thr settings and the corresponding fifo thresholds 56 bytes 8 bytes overflow margin underflow margin f i f o _ t h r = 1 3 f i f o _ t h r = 1 3 rxfifo txfifo figure 14: example of fifos at threshold
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 35 of 68 29 frequency programming the frequency programming in CC1100 is designed to minimize the programming needed in a channel-oriented system. to set up a system with channel numbers, the desired channel spacing is programmed with the mdmcfg0.chanspc_m and mdmcfg1.chanspc_e registers. the channel spacing registers are mantissa and exponent respectively. the base or start frequency is set by the 24 bit frequency word located in the freq2 , freq1 and freq0 registers. this word will typically be set to the centre of the lowest channel frequency that is to be used. the desired channel number is programmed with the 8-bit channel number register, channr.chan , which is multiplied by the channel offset. the resultant carrier frequency is given by: ( ) () 2 _ 16 2 _ 256 2 ? ? + ? + ? = e chanspc xosc carrier m chanspc chan freq f f the preferred if frequency is programmed with the fsctrl1.freq_if register. the if frequency is given by: if freq f f xosc if _ 2 10 ? = note that the smartrf ? studio software automatically calculates the optimum fsctrl1.freq_if register setting based on channel spacing and channel filter bandwidth. if any frequency programming register is altered when the frequency synthesizer is running, the synthesizer may give an undesired response. hence, the frequency programming should only be updated when the radio is in the idle state. 30 vco the vco is completely integrated on-chip. 30.1 vco and pll self-calibration the vco characteristics will vary with temperature and supply voltage changes, as well as the desired operating frequency. in order to ensure reliable operation, CC1100 includes frequency synthesizer self-calibration circuitry. this calibration should be done regularly, and must be performed after turning on power and before using a new frequency (or channel). the number of xosc cycles for completing the pll calibration is given in table 22 on page 33. the calibration can be initiated automatically or manually. the synthesizer can be automatically calibrated each time the synthesizer is turned on, or each time the synthesizer is turned off. this is configured with the mcsm0.fs_autocal register setting. in manual mode, the calibration is initiated when the scal command strobe is activated in the idle mode. the default setting is to calibrate each time the frequency synthesizer is turned on. note that the calibration values are maintained in sleep mode, so the calibration is still valid after waking up from sleep mode (unless supply voltage or temperature has changed significantly). 31 voltage regulators CC1100 contains several on-chip linear voltage regulators, which generate the supply voltage needed by low-voltage modules. these voltage regulators are invisible to the user, and can be viewed as integral parts of the various modules. the user must however make sure
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 36 of 68 that the absolute maximum ratings and required pin voltages in table 1 and table 13 are not exceeded. the voltage regulator for the digital core requires one external decoupling capacitor. setting the csn pin low turns on the voltage regulator to the digital core and starts the crystal oscillator. the so pin on the spi interface must go low before using the serial interface (setup time is tbd). on initial power up, the mcu must set csn low and issue the reset command strobe sres . if the chip is programmed to enter power-down mode, ( spwd strobe issued), the power will be turned off after csn goes high. the power and crystal oscillator will be turned on again when csn goes low. the voltage regulator output should only be used for driving the CC1100 . 32 output power programming the rf output power level from the device has two levels of programmability, as illustrated in figure 15. firstly, the special patable register can hold up to eight user selected output power settings. secondly, the 3-bit frend0.pa_power value selects the patable entry to use. this two-level functionality provides flexible pa power ramp up and ramp down at the start and end of transmission, as well as ask modulation shaping. in each case, all the pa power settings in the patable from index 0 up to the frend0.pa_power value are used. e.g 6 pa_power[2:0] in frend0 register patable(0)[7:0] patable(1)[7:0] patable(2)[7:0] patable(3)[7:0] patable(4)[7:0] patable(5)[7:0] patable(6)[7:0] patable(7)[7:0] index into patable(7:0) the pa uses this setting. settings 0 to pa_power are used during ramp- up at start of transmission and ramp-down at end of transmission, and for ask/ook modulation. the smartrf ? studio software should be used to get optimum patable settings for various output powers. figure 15: pa_power and patable the power ramping at the start and at the end of a packet can be turned off by setting frend0.pa_power to zero and then programming the desired output power to index zero in the patable . table 24 contains recommended patable settings for various output levels and frequency bands. see section 18.5 on page 19 for patable programming details. table 25 contains output power and current consumption for default patable setting (0xc6). with ask modulation, the eight power settings are used for shaping. the modulator contains a counter that counts up when transmitting a one and down when transmitting a zero. the counter counts at a rate equal to 8 times the symbol rate. the counter saturates at frend0.pa_power and 0 respectively. this counter value is used as an index for a lookup in the power table. thus, in order to utilize the whole table, frend0.pa_power should be 7 when ask is active. the shaping of the ask signal is dependent on the configuration of the patable .
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 37 of 68 315mhz 433mhz 868mhz 915mhz output power [dbm] setting current consumption, typ. [ma] setting current consumption, typ. [ma] setting current consumption, typ. [ma] setting current consumption, typ. [ma] -30 0x04 10.9 0x68 11.7 0x03 12.0 0x11 11.9 -20 0x17 11.5 0x6c 12.2 0x0d 12.6 0x0b 12.4 -15 0x1d 12.2 0x1c 12.8 0x1c 13.2 0x1b 13.1 -10 0x26 13.4 0x06 14.3 0x34 14.6 0x6d 13.7 -5 0x69 13.0 0x3a 13.8 0x67 14.4 0x67 14.2 0 0x51 15.1 0x51 16.1 0x60 16.8 0x50 16.5 5 0x86 18.3 0x85 19.3 0x85 19.9 0x85 19.3 7 0xcc 22.2 0xc8 24.0 0xcc 25.6 0xc9 25.6 10 0xc3 26.9 0xc0 28.8 0xc3 30.3 0xc1 30.2 table 24: optimum patable settings for various output power levels and frequency bands 315mhz 433mhz 868mhz 915mhz default power setting output power [dbm] current consumption, typ. [ma] output power [dbm] current consumption, typ. [ma] output power [dbm] current consumption, typ. [ma] output power [dbm] current consumption, typ. [ma] 0xc6 8.9 25.1 7.8 25.0 8.9 28.3 8.1 26.8 table 25: output power and current consumption for default patable setting 33 crystal oscillator a crystal in the frequency range 26mhz- 27mhz must be connected between the xosc_q1 and xosc_q2 pins. the oscillator is designed for parallel mode operation of the crystal. in addition, loading capacitors (c81 and c101) for the crystal are required. the loading capacitor values depend on the total load capacitance, c l , specified for the crystal. the total load capacitance seen between the crystal terminals should equal c l for the crystal to oscillate at the specified frequency. parasitic l c c c c + + = 101 81 1 1 1 the parasitic capacitance is constituted by pin input capacitance and pcb stray capacitance. total parasitic capacitance is typically 2.5pf. the crystal oscillator circuit is shown in figure 16. typical component values for different values of c l are given in table 26. the crystal oscillator is amplitude regulated. this means that a high current is used to start up the oscillations. when the amplitude builds up, the current is reduced to what is necessary to maintain approximately 0.4vpp signal swing. this ensures a fast start-up, and keeps the drive level to a minimum. the esr of the crystal should be within the specification in order to ensure a reliable start-up (see section 7 on page 9). the initial tolerance, temperature drift, aging and load pulling should be carefully specified in order to meet the required frequency accuracy in a certain appl ication. by specifying the total expected frequency accuracy in smartrf ? studio together with data rate and frequency deviation, the software calculates the total bandwidth and compares this to the chosen receiver channel filter bandwidth. the software reports any contradictions, and a more accurate crystal is recommended if required.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 38 of 68 xosc_q1 xosc_q2 xtal c81 c101 figure 16: crystal oscillator circuit component c l = 10pf c l =13pf c l =16pf c81 15pf 22pf 27pf c101 15pf 22pf 27pf table 26: crystal oscillator component values 34 antenna interface the balanced rf input and output of CC1100 share two common pins and are designed for a simple, low-cost matching and balun network on the printed circuit board. the receive- and transmit switching at the CC1100 front-end is controlled by a dedicated on-chip function, eliminating the need for an external rx/tx- switch. a few passive external components combined with the internal rx/tx switch/termination circuitry ensures match in both rx and tx mode. although CC1100 has a balanced rf input/output, the chip can be connected to a single-ended antenna with few external low cost capacitors and inductors. 35 general purpose / test output control pins the three digital output pins gdo0 , gdo1 and gdo2 are general control pins configured with iocfg0.gdo0_cfg, iocfg1.gdo1_cfg and iocfg2.gdo3_cfg respectively. table 27 shows the different signals that can be monitored on the gdo pins. these signals can be used as an interrupt to the mcu. gdo1 is the same pin as the so pin on the spi interface, thus the out put programmed on this pin will only be valid when csn is high. the default value for gdo1 is 3-stated, which is useful when the spi interface is shared with other devices. the default value for gdo0 is a 125khz- 146khz clock output (xosc frequency divided by 192). since the xosc is turned on at power-on-reset, this can be used to clock the mcu in systems with only one crystal. when the mcu is up and running, it can change the clock frequency by writing to iocfg0.gdo0_cfg. this will not produce any clock glitches. an on-chip analog temperature sensor is enabled by writing the value 128 (0x80h) to the iocfg0.gdo0_cfg register. the voltage on the gdo0 pin is then proportional to temperature. see section 10 on page 11 for temperature sensor specifications.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 39 of 68 gdo0 _cfg[5:0] gdo1 _cfg[5:0] gdo2 _ cfg [ 5:0 ] description 0 (0x00) associated to the rx fifo: asserts when rx fifo is fi lled above rxfifo_thr. de-asserts when rx fifo is drained below rxfifo _ thr. 1 (0x01) associated to the rx fifo: asserts when rx fifo is fi lled above rxfifo_thr or the end of packet is reached. de- asserts when rx fifo is em p t y . 2 (0x02) associated to the tx fifo: asserts when the tx fifo is filled above txfifo_thr. de-asserts when the tx fifo is below txfifo _ thr. 3 (0x03) associated to the tx fifo: asserts when tx fifo is full. de-asserts when the tx fifo is drained below txfifo _ thr. 4 ( 0x04 ) asserts when the rx fifo has overflowed. de-asserts when the fifo has been flushed. 5 ( 0x05 ) asserts when the tx fifo has underflow ed. de-asserts when the fifo is flushed. 6 (0x06) asserts when sync word has been sent / received, and de-asserts at the end of the packet. in rx, the pin will de-assert when the o p tional address check fails or the rx fifo overflows. in tx the p in will de-assert if the tx fifo underflows. 7 ( 0x07 ) asserts when a p acket has been received with ok crc. de-asserts when the first b y te is read from the rx fifo. 8 ( 0x08 ) preamble qualit y reached. asserts when the pqi is above the p ro g rammed pqt value. 9 ( 0x09 ) clear channel assessment. hi g h when rssi level is below threshold ( de p endent on the current cca _ mode settin g) 10 ( 0x0a ) lock detector out p ut 11 (0x0b) serial clock. synchronous to t he data in synchronous serial mode. data is set u p on the fallin g ed g e and is read on the risin g ed g e of serial _ clk. 12 (0x0c) serial synchronous data output. us ed for synchronous serial mode. the mcu must read do on the rising edge of serial _ clk. data is set u p on the fallin g ed g e b y cc110 0 . 13 ( 0x0d ) serial trans p arent data out p ut. used for as y nchronous serial mode. 14 ( 0x0e ) carrier sense. hi g h if rssi level is above threshold. 15 ( 0x0f ) crc ok. the last crc com p arison matched. cleared when enterin g /restartin g rx mode. 16 ( 0x10 ) reserved ? used for test. 17 ( 0x11 ) reserved ? used for test. 18 ( 0x12 ) reserved ? used for test. 19 ( 0x13 ) reserved ? used for test. 20 ( 0x14 ) reserved ? used for test. 21 ( 0x15 ) reserved ? used for test. 22 ( 0x16 ) rx _ hard _ data [ 1 ] . can be used to g ether with rx _ symbol _ tick for alternative serial rx out p ut. 23 ( 0x17 ) rx _ hard _ data [ 0 ] . can be used to g ether with rx _ symbol _ tick for alternative serial rx out p ut. 24 ( 0x18 ) reserved ? used for test. 25 ( 0x19 ) reserved ? used for test. 26 ( 0x1a ) reserved ? used for test. 27 ( 0x1b ) pa _ pd. pa is enabled when 1, in p owe r -down when 0. can be used to control external pa or rx/tx switch. 28 ( 0x1c ) lna _ pd. lna is enabled when 1, in p owe r -down when 0. can be used to control external lna or rx/tx switch. 29 ( 0x1d ) rx _ symbol _ tick. can be used to g ether with rx _ hard _ data for alternative serial rx out p ut. 30 ( 0x1e ) reserved ? used for test. 31 ( 0x1f ) reserved ? used for test. 32 ( 0x20 ) reserved ? used for test. 33 ( 0x21 ) reserved ? used for test. 34 ( 0x22 ) reserved ? used for test. 35 ( 0x23 ) reserved ? used for test. 36 ( 0x24 ) reserved ? used for test. 37 ( 0x25 ) reserved ? used for test. 38 ( 0x26 ) reserved ? used for test. 39 ( 0x27 ) reserved ? used for test. 40 ( 0x28 ) reserved ? used for test. 41 ( 0x29 ) chip _ rd y 42 ( 0x2a ) reserved ? used for test. 43 ( 0x2b ) xosc _ stable 44 ( 0x2c ) reserved ? used for test. 45 ( 0x2d ) gdo0 _ z _ en _ n. when this out p ut is 0, gdo0 is confi g ured as in p ut ( for serial tx data ) . 46 ( 0x2e ) hi g h im p edance ( 3-state ) 47 ( 0x2f ) hw to 0 ( hw1 achieved with _ inv si g nal ) 48 ( 0x30 ) clk _ xosc/1 49 ( 0x31 ) clk _ xosc/1.5 50 ( 0x32 ) clk _ xosc/2 51 ( 0x33 ) clk _ xosc/3 52 ( 0x34 ) clk _ xosc/4 53 ( 0x35 ) clk _ xosc/6 54 ( 0x36 ) clk _ xosc/8 55 ( 0x37 ) clk _ xosc/12 56 ( 0x38 ) clk _ xosc/16 57 ( 0x39 ) clk _ xosc/24 58 ( 0x3a ) clk _ xosc/32 59 ( 0x3b ) clk _ xosc/48 60 ( 0x3c ) clk _ xosc/64 61 ( 0x3d ) clk _ xosc/96 62 ( 0x3e ) clk _ xosc/128 63 ( 0x3f ) clk _ xosc/192 table 27: gdo signal selection
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 40 of 68 36 asynchronous and synchr onous serial operation several features and modes of operation have been included in the CC1100 to provide backward compatibility wi th previous chipcon products and other existing rf communication systems. for new system s, it is recommended to use the built-in packet handling features, as they can give more robust communication, significantly offload the microcontroller and simplify software development. 36.1 asynchronous operation for backward compat ibility with systems already using the asynchronous data transfer from other chipcon products, asynchronous transfer is also included in CC1100 . when asynchronous transfer is enabled, several of the support mechanisms for the mcu that are included in CC1100 will be disabled, such as packet handling hardware, buffering in the fifo and so on. the asynchronous transfer mode does not allow the use of the data whitener, interleaver and fec. only 2-fsk, gfsk and ask/ook are supported for asynchronous transfer. setting pktctrl0.pkt_format to 3 enables asynchronous transparent (serial) mode. in tx, the gdo0 pin is used for data input (tx data). data output can be gdo0 , gdo1 or gdo2 . the mcu must control start and stop of transmit and receive with the stx , srx and sidle strobes. the CC1100 modulator samples the level of the asynchronous input 8 times faster than the programmed data rate. the timing requirement for the asynchronous stream is that the error in the bit period must be less than one eighth of the programmed data rate. 36.2 synchronous serial operation in the synchronous serial operation mode, data is transferred on a two wire serial interface. the CC1100 provides a clock that is used to set up new data on the data input line or sample data on the data output line. data input (tx data) is the gdo0 pin. this pin will automatically be configured as an input when tx is active. the data output pin can be any of the gdo pins; this is set by the iocfg0.gdo0_cfg, iocfg1.gdo1_cfg and iocfg2.gdo2_cfg fields. preamble and sync word insertion/detection may or may not be active, dependent on the sync mode set by the mdmcfg3.sync_mode . if preamble and sync word is disabled, all other packet handler features and fec should also be disabled. the mcu must then handle preamble and sync word insertion and detection in software. if preamble and sync word insertion/detection is left on, all packet handling features and fec can be used. the CC1100 will insert and dete ct the preamble and sync word and the mc u will only provide/get the data payload. this is equivalent to the recommended fifo operation mode. 37 configuration registers the configuration of CC1100 is done by programming 8-bit registers. the configuration data based on selected system parameters are most easily found by using the smartrf ? studio software. complete descriptions of the registers are given in the following tables. after chip reset, all the registers have default values as shown in the tables. there are 14 command strobe registers, listed in table 28. accessing these registers will initiate the change of an internal state or mode. there are 47 normal 8-bit configuration registers, listed in table 29. many of these registers are for test purposes only, and need not be written for normal operation of CC1100 . there are also 12 status registers, which are listed in table 30. these registers, which are read-only, contain information about the status of CC1100 . the two fifos are accessed through one 8-bit register. write operations write to the tx fifo, while read operations read from the rx fifo. during the address transfer and while writing to a register or the tx fifo, a status byte is
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 41 of 68 returned. this status byte is described in table 17 on page 21. table 31 summarizes the spi address space. the address to use is given by adding the base address to the left and the burst and read/write bits on the top. note that the burst bit has different meaning for base addresses above and below 0x2f. address strobe name description 0x30 sres reset chip. 0x31 sfstxon enable and calibrate frequency synthesizer (if mcsm0.fs_autocal =1). if in rx (with cca): go to a wait state where only the synthesizer is running (for quick rx / tx turnaround). 0x32 sxoff turn off crystal oscillator. 0x33 scal calibrate frequency synthesizer and turn it off (enables quick start). scal can be strobed from idle mode without setting manual calibration mode ( mcsm0.fs_autocal =0) 0x34 srx enable rx. perform calibration first if coming from idle and mcsm0.fs_autocal =1. 0x35 stx in idle state: enable tx. perform calibration first if mcsm0.fs_autocal =1. if in rx state and cca is enabled: on ly go to tx if channel is clear. 0x36 sidle exit rx / tx, turn off frequency synt hesizer and exit wake-on-radio mode if applicable. 0x37 safc perform afc adjustment of the frequenc y synthesizer as outlined in section 22.1. 0x38 swor start automatic rx polling sequence (wak e-on-radio) as descri bed in section 27.5. 0x39 spwd enter power down mode when csn goes high. 0x3a sfrx flush the rx fifo buffer. 0x3b sftx flush the tx fifo buffer. 0x3c sworrst reset real time clock. 0x3d snop no operation. may be used to pad str obe commands to two bytes for simpler software. table 28: command strobes
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 42 of 68 address register description preserved in sleep state details on page number 0x00 iocfg2 gdo2 output pin configuration yes 45 0x01 iocfg1 gdo1 output pin configuration yes 45 0x02 iocfg0 gdo0 output pin configuration yes 45 0x03 fifothr rx fifo and tx fifo thresholds yes 46 0x04 sync1 sync word, high byte yes 46 0x05 sync0 sync word, low byte yes 46 0x06 pktlen packet length yes 46 0x07 pktctrl1 packet automation control yes 47 0x08 pktctrl0 packet automation control yes 48 0x09 addr device address yes 48 0x0a channr channel number yes 48 0x0b fsctrl1 frequency synthesizer control yes 49 0x0c fsctrl0 frequency synthesizer control yes 49 0x0d freq2 frequency control word, high byte yes 49 0x0e freq1 frequency control word, middle byte yes 50 0x0f freq0 frequency control word, low byte yes 50 0x10 mdmcfg4 modem configuration yes 50 0x11 mdmcfg3 modem configuration yes 50 0x12 mdmcfg2 modem configuration yes 51 0x13 mdmcfg1 modem configuration yes 52 0x14 mdmcfg0 modem configuration yes 52 0x15 deviatn modem deviation setting yes 52 0x16 mcsm2 main radio control st ate machine configuration yes 53 0x17 mcsm1 main radio control st ate machine configuration yes 54 0x18 mcsm0 main radio control st ate machine configuration yes 55 0x19 foccfg frequency offset c ompensation configuration yes 55 0x1a bscfg bit synchroniza tion configuration yes 55 0x1b agctrl2 agc control yes 55 0x1c agctrl1 agc control yes 56 0x1d agctrl0 agc control yes 56 0x1e worevt1 high byte event 0 timeout yes 56 0x1f worevt0 low byte event 0 timeout yes 56 0x20 worctrl wake on radio control yes 57 0x21 frend1 front end rx configuration yes 57 0x22 frend0 front end tx configuration yes 58 0x23 fscal3 frequency synthesizer calibration yes 58 0x24 fscal2 frequency synthesizer calibration yes 58 0x25 fscal1 frequency synthesizer calibration yes 58 0x26 fscal0 frequency synthesizer calibration yes 59 0x27 rcctrl1 rc oscillator configuration yes 59 0x28 rcctrl0 rc oscillator configuration yes 59 0x29 fstest frequency synthesizer calibration control no 59 0x2a ptest production test no 59 0x2b agctest agc test no 59 0x2c test2 various test settings no 60 0x2d test1 various test settings no 60 0x2e test0 various test settings no 60 table 29: configuration registers overview
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 43 of 68 address register description details on page number 0x30 (0xf0) partnum part number for CC1100 60 0x31 (0xf1) version current version number 60 0x32 (0xf2) freqest frequency offset estimate 60 0x33 (0xf3) lqi demodulator es timate for link quality 60 0x34 (0xf4) rssi received signal strength indication 61 0x35 (0xf5) marcstate control state machine state 61 0x36 (0xf6) wortime1 high byte of wor timer 61 0x37 (0xf7) wortime0 low byte of wor timer 62 0x38 (0xf8) pktstatus current gd ox status and packet status 62 0x39 (0xf9) vco_vc_dac current setting from pll calibration module 62 0x3a (0xfa) txbytes underflow and number of bytes in the tx fifo 62 0x3b (0xfb) rxbytes overflow and number of bytes in the rx fifo 62 table 30: status registers overview
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 44 of 68 write read single byte burst single byte burst +0x00 +0x40 +0x80 +0xc0 0x00 iocfg2 0x01 iocfg1 0x02 iocfg0 0x03 fifothr 0x04 sync1 0x05 sync0 0x06 pktlen 0x07 pktctrl1 0x08 pktctrl0 0x09 addr 0x0a channr 0x0b fsctrl1 0x0c fsctrl0 0x0d freq2 0x0e freq1 0x0f freq0 0x10 mdmcfg4 0x11 mdmcfg3 0x12 mdmcfg2 0x13 mdmcfg1 0x14 mdmcfg0 0x15 deviatn 0x16 mcsm2 0x17 mcsm1 0x18 mcsm0 0x19 foccfg 0x1a bscfg 0x1b agcctrl2 0x1c agcctrl1 0x1d agcctrl0 0x1e worevt1 0x1f worevt0 0x20 worctrl 0x21 frend1 0x22 frend0 0x23 fscal3 0x24 fscal2 0x25 fscal1 0x26 fscal0 0x27 rcctrl1 0x28 rcctrl0 0x29 fstest 0x2a ptest 0x2b agctest 0x2c test2 0x2d test1 0x2e test0 0x2f r/w configuration registers, burst access possible 0x30 sres sres partnum 0x31 sfstxon sfstxon version 0x32 sxoff sxoff freqest 0x33 scal scal lqi 0x34 srx srx rssi 0x35 stx stx marcstate 0x36 sidle sidle wortime1 0x37 safc safc wortime0 0x38 swor swor pktstatus 0x39 spwd spwd vco_vc_dac 0x3a sfrx sfrx txbytes 0x3b sftx sftx rxbytes 0x3c sworrst sworrst 0x3d snop snop 0x3e patable patable patable patable 0x3f tx fifo tx fifo rx fifo rx fifo command strobes, status registers (read only) and multi byte registers table 31: spi address space
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 45 of 68 37.1 configuration register details ? registers with preserved values in sleep state 0x00: iocfg2 ? gdo2 output pin configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7 reserved r0 6 gdo2 _inv 0 r/w invert output, i.e. select active low / high 5:0 gdo2 _cfg[5:0] 41 (0x29) r/w default is chp_rdy (see table 27 on page 39). should be set to 3-state for lowest power down current. 0x01: iocfg1 ? gdo1 output pin configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7 gdo_ds 0 r/w set high (1) or low (0) output drive strength on the gdo pins. 6 gdo1 _inv 0 r/w invert output, i.e. select active low / high 5:0 gdo1 _cfg[5:0] 46 (0x2e) r/w default is 3-state (see table 27 on page 39) 0x02: iocfg0 ? gdo0 output pin configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7 temp_sensor_enable 0 r/w enable analog temperature sensor. write 0 in all other register bits when using temperature sensor. 6 gdo0 _inv 0 r/w invert output, i.e. select active low / high 5:0 gdo0 _cfg[5:0] 63 (0x3f) r/w default is clk_xosc/192 (see table 27 on page 39). should be set to 3-state for lowest power down current.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 46 of 68 0x03: fifothr ? rx fifo and tx fifo thresholds bit field name reset r/w description 7:3 reserved 0 r/w write 0 for compatib ility with possible future extensions 3:0 fifo_thr[3:0] 7 (0111) r/w set the thre shold for the tx fifo and rx fifo. the threshold is exceeded when the number of bytes in the fifo is equal to or higher than the threshold value. setting bytes in tx fifo bytes in rx fifo 0 (0000) 61 4 1 (0001) 57 8 2 (0010) 53 12 3 (0011) 49 16 4 (0100) 45 20 5 (0101) 41 24 6 (0110) 37 28 7 (0111) 33 32 8 (1000) 29 36 9 (1001) 25 40 10 (1010) 21 44 11 (1011) 17 48 12 (1100) 13 52 13 (1101) 9 56 14 (1110) 5 60 15 (1111) 1 64 0x04: sync1 ? sync word, high byte bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 sync[15:8] 211 (0xd3) r/w 8 msb of 16-bit sync word 0x05: sync0 ? sync word, low byte bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 sync[7:0] 145 (0x91) r/w 8 lsb of 16-bit sync word 0x06: pktlen ? packet length bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 packet_length 255 (0xff) r/w indica tes the packet length when fixed length packets are enabled. if va riable length packets are used, this value indi cates the maximum length packets allowed.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 47 of 68 0x07: pktctrl1 ? packet automation control bit field name reset r/w description 7:5 pqt[2:0] 0 (000) r/w preamble quality estimator th reshold. the preamble quality estimator increases an internal c ounter by one each time a bit is received that is different from t he previous bit, and decreases the counter by 4 each time a bit is re ceived that is the same as the last bit. the counter saturates at 0 and 31. a threshold of 4pqt for this count er is used to gate sync word detection. when pqt=0 a sync word is always accepted. 4 wor_autosync 0 r/w automatically synchroni ze timer to received packet in wake on radio mode. when enabled the timer will automatically reset the wor timer when a sync word is detected. 3 reserved 0 r/w write 0 for compatibilit y with possible fu ture extensions 2 append_status 1 r/w when enabled, two status bytes will be appended to the payload of the packet. the status bytes contain rssi and lqi values, as well as the crc ok flag. 1:0 adr_chk[1:0] 0 (00) r/w controls addre ss check configuration of received packages. setting address check configuration 0 (00) no address check 1 (01) address check, no broadcast 2 (10) address check, 0 (0x00) broadcast 3 (11) address check, 0 (0x00) and 255 (0xff) broadcast
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 48 of 68 0x08: pktctrl0 ? packet automation control bit field name reset r/w description 7 reserved r0 6 white_data 1 r/w turn data whitening on / off 0: whitening off 1: whitening on 5:4 pkt_format[1:0] 0 (00) r/w format of rx and tx data setting packet format 0 (00) normal mode, use fifos for rx and tx 1 (01) serial synchronous mode, used for backwards compatibility 2 (10) random tx mode; sends random data using pn9 generator. used for test. works as normal mode, setting 0 (00), in rx. 3 (11) asynchronous transparent mode. data in on gdo0 and data out on either of the gdo pins 3 cc2400_en 0 r/w enable cc2400 support. use same crc implementation as cc2400. 2 crc_en 1 r/w 1: crc calculation in tx and crc check in rx enabled 0: crc disabled for tx and rx 1:0 length_config[1:0] 1 (01) r/w configure the packet length setting packet length configuration 0 (00) fixed length packe ts, length configured in pktlen register 1 (01) variable length packe ts, packet length configured by the first byte after sync word 2 (10) enable infinite length packets 3 (11) reserved 0x09: addr ? device address bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 device_addr[7:0] 0 (0x00) r/w address us ed for packet filtration. optional broadcast addresses are 0 (0x00) and 255 (0xff). 0x0a: channr ? channel number bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 chan[7:0] 0 (0x00) r/w the 8-bit unsig ned channel number, which is multiplied by the channel spacing setti ng and added to the base frequency.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 49 of 68 0x0b: fsctrl1 ? frequency synthesizer control bit field name reset r/w description 7:5 reserved r0 4:0 freq_if[4:0] 10 (0x0f) r/w the desired if frequency to employ in rx. subtracted from fs base frequency in rx and controls the digital complex mixer in the demodulator. if freq f f xosc if _ 2 10 ? = the default value gives an if frequency of 254khz, assuming a 26.0mhz crystal. 0x0c: fsctrl0 ? frequency synthesizer control bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 freqoff[7:0] 0 (0x00) r/w frequency offset added to the base frequency before being used by the fs. (2-complement). resolution is f xtal /2 14 (1.5khz-1.7khz); range is 186khz to 217khz, dependent of xtal frequency. the safc strobe command and the automatic afc mechanism add the current freqest value to freqoff. 0x0d: freq2 ? frequency control word, high byte bit field name reset r/w description 7:6 freq[23:22] 0 (00) r freq[23:22] is always 0 (the freq2 register is less than 36 with 26mhz or higher crystal) 5:0 freq[21:16] 30 (0x1e) r/w freq[23:0] is the base frequency for the frequency synthesiser in increments of f xosc /2 16 . [] 0 : 23 2 16 freq f f xosc carrier ? = the default frequency word gives a base frequency of 800mhz, assuming a 26.0mhz crystal. with t he default channel spacing settings, the following freq2 values and channel numbers can be used: freq2 base frequency frequency range (chan numbers) 10 (0x0a) 280mhz 300.2mhz-331mhz (101-255) 11 (0x0b) 306mhz 306mhz-347.8mhz (0-209) 14 (0x0e) 384mhz 400.2mhz-435mhz (81-255) 15 (0x0f) 410mhz 410mhz-461mhz (0-255) 16 (0x10) 436mhz 436mhz-463.8mhz (0-139) 17 (0x11) 462mhz 462mhz-463.8mhz (0-9) 30 (0x1e) 800mhz 800.2mhz-851mhz (1-255) 31 (0x1f) 826mhz 826mhz-877mhz (0-255) 32 (0x20) 852mhz 852mhz-903mhz (0-255) 33 (0x21) 878mhz 878mhz-927.8mhz (0-249) 34 (0x22) 904mhz 904mhz-927.8mhz (0-119)
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 50 of 68 0x0e: freq1 ? frequency control word, middle byte bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 freq[15:8] 196 (0xc4) r/w ref. freq2 register 0x0f: freq0 ? frequency control word, low byte bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 freq[7:0] 236 (0xec) r/w ref. freq2 register 0x10: mdmcfg4 ? modem configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7:6 chanbw_e[1:0] 2 (10) r/w 5:4 chanbw_m[1:0] 0 (00) r/w sets the dec imation ratio for the delta-sigma adc input stream and thus the channel bandwidth. e chanbw xosc channel m chanbw f bw _ 2 ) _ 4 ( 8 + ? = note that the combination chanbw_e=0 and chanbw_m=0 is not supported. the default values give 203khz channel filter bandwidth, assuming a 26.0mhz crystal. 3:0 drate_e[3:0] 12 (1100) r/w the exponent of the user specified symbol rate 0x11: mdmcfg3 ? modem configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 drate_m[7:0] 34 (0x22) r/w the mantissa of the user specified symbol rate. the symbol rate is configured using an unsigned, float ing-point number with 9-bit mantissa and 4-bit exponent. the 9 th bit is a hidden ?1?. the resulting data rate is: ( ) xosc e drate data f m drate r ? ? + = 28 _ 2 2 _ 256 the default values give a data rate of 115.051kbps (closest setting to 115.2kbps), assuming a 26.0mhz crystal.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 51 of 68 0x12: mdmcfg2 ? modem configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7 dem_dcfilt_off 0 r/w di sable digital dc blocking filter before demodulator. 6:4 mod_format[2:0] 0 (000) r/w the modulation format of the radio signal setting modulation format 0 (000) 2-fsk 1 (001) gfsk 2 (010) - 3 (011) ask/ook 4 (100) - 5 (101) - 6 (110) - 7 (111) msk 3 manchester_en 0 r/w enables manchester encodi ng/decoding. 2:0 sync_mode[2:0] 2 (010) r/w combined sync-word qualifier mode. the values 0 (000) and 4 ( 100) disables sync word transmission in tx and sync word detection in rx. the values 1 (001), 2 (001), 5 (101) and 6 (110) enables 16-bit sync word tr ansmission in tx and 16- bits sync word detection in rx. only 15 of 16 bits need to match in rx when using setting 1 (001) or 5 (101). the values 3 (011) and 7 (111) enables repeated sync word transmission in rx and 32-bits sync word detection in rx (only 30 of 32 bits need to match). setting sync-word qualifier mode 0 (000) no preamble/sync 1 (001) 15/16 sync word bits detected 2 (010) 16/16 sync word bits detected 3 (011) 30/32 sync word bits detected 4 (100) no preamble/sync, carrier-sense above threshold 5 (101) 15/16 + carrier-sense above threshold 6 (110) 16/16 + carrier-sense above threshold 7 (111) 30/32 + carrier-sense above threshold
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 52 of 68 0x13: mdmcfg1? modem configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7 fec_en 0 r/w enable forward error co rrection (fec) with interleaving for packet payload 6:4 num_preamble[2:0] 2 (010) r/w sets the minimum number of preamble bytes to be transmitted setting number of preamble bytes 0 (000) 2 1 (001) 3 2 (010) 4 3 (011) 6 4 (100) 8 5 (101) 12 6 (110) 16 7 (111) 24 3:2 reserved r0 1:0 chanspc_e[1:0] 2 (10) r/w 2 bit exponent of channel spacing 0x14: mdmcfg0? modem configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 chanspc_m[7:0] 248 (0xf8) r/w 8-bit mantissa of channel spacing (ini tial 1 assumed). the channel spacing is multiplied by the channel number chan and added to the base frequency. it is unsigned and has the format: () chan m chanspc f f e chanspc xosc channel ? ? + ? = ? _ 18 2 _ 256 2 the default values give 199. 951khz channel spacing (the closest setting to 200khz), assuming 26.0mhz crystal frequency. 0x15: deviatn ? modem deviation setting bit field name reset r/w description 7 reserved r0 6:4 deviation_e[2:0] 4 (100) r/w deviation exponent 3 reserved r0 2:0 deviation_m[2:0] 7 (111) r/ w when msk modulation is enabled: sets fraction of symbol per iod used for phase change. when 2-fsk/gfsk modulation is enabled: deviation mantissa, interpreted as a 4-bit value with msb implicit 1. the resulting frequency deviation is given by: e deviation xosc dev m deviation f f _ 17 2 ) _ 8 ( 2 ? + ? = the default values give 47.607khz deviation, assuming 26.0mhz crystal frequency.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 53 of 68 0x16: mcsm2 ? main radio control state machine configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7:5 reserved r0 reserved 4 rx_time_rssi 0 r/w direct rx termin ation based on rssi meas urement (carrier sense). for ask/ook modulation, rx times out if there is no carrier sense in the first 8 symbol periods. 3 rx_time_qual 0 r/w when the rx_time timer expires, the chip checks if sync word is found when rx_time_qual=0, or either sync word is found or pqi is set when rx_time_qual=1. 2:0 rx_time[2:0] 7 (111) r/w timeout for sync word search in rx. the timeout is relative to the programmed event0 timeout, which means that the duty cycle can be set in wake-on-radio (wor) mode. the rx timeout is scaled by 1 bit less than the event0 timeout with respect to the worctrl.wor_res setting, as very long timeouts probably also will use very low rx duty cycles. setting rx timeout duty cycle, wor 0 (000) t event0 / 2 (3+wor_res) 12.5% / 2 wor_res 1 (001) t event0 / 2 (4+wor_res) 6.25% / 2 wor_res 2 (010) t event0 / 2 (5+wor_res) 3.125% / 2 wor_res 3 (011) t event0 / 2 (6+wor_res) 1.563% / 2 wor_res 4 (100) t event0 / 2 (7+wor_res) 0.781% / 2 wor_res 5 (101) t event0 / 2 (8+wor_res) 0.391% / 2 wor_res 6 (110) t event0 / 2 (9+wor_res) 0.195% / 2 wor_res 7 (111) until end of packet n/a (no timeout) note that the rc oscillator must be enabled in order to use setting 0-6, because the timeout counts rc oscillator periods. wor mode does not need to be enabled. the timeout counter resolution is limited: with rx_time=0 , the timeout count is given by the 13msbs of event0, decreasing to the 7msbs of event0 with rx_time=6 .
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 54 of 68 0x17: mcsm1? main radio control state machine configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7:6 reserved r0 5:4 cca_mode[1:0] 3 (11) r/w select s cca_mode; reflected in cca signal setting clear channel indication 0 (00) always 1 (01) if rssi below threshold 2 (10) unless currently receiving a packet 3 (11) if rssi below threshold unless currently receiving a packet 3:2 rxoff_mode[1:0] 0 (00) r/w select what should happen when a packet has been received setting next state after fi nishing packet reception 0 (00) idle 1 (01) fstxon 2 (10) tx 3 (11) stay in rx 1:0 txoff_mode[1:0] 0 (00) r/w select what should happen when a packet has been sent (tx) setting next state after fi nishing packet transmission 0 (00) idle 1 (01) fstxon 2 (10) stay in tx (start sending preamble) 3 (11) rx
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 55 of 68 0x18: mcsm0? main radio control state machine configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7:6 reserved r0 5:4 fs_autocal[1:0] 0 (00) r/w automatically calibrate when going to rx or tx, or back to idle setting when to perform automatic calibration 0 (00) never (manually calibrate using scal strobe) 1 (01) when going from idle to rx or tx (or fstxon) 2 (10) when going from rx or tx back to idle 3 (11) every 4 th time when going from rx or tx to idle in some automatic wake-on-radi o (wor) applications, using setting 3 (11) can significantly reduce current consumption. 3:2 po_timeout 1 (01) r/w programs the number of times the six-bi t ripple counter must expire before chp_rdy_n goes low. values other than 0 (00) are most useful when the xosc is left on during power-down. setting expire count timeout after xosc start 0 (00) 1 approx. 2.3 s ? 2.7 s 1 (01) 16 approx. 37 s ? 43 s 2 (10) 64 approx. 146 s ? 171 s 3 (11) 256 approx. 585 s ? 683 s exact timeout depends on crystal frequency. 1 pin_ctrl_en 0 r/w enables the pin radio control option 0 xosc_force_on 0 r/w force the xosc to stay on in the sleep state. 0x19: foccfg ? frequency offset compensation configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7:6 reserved r0 5:0 foccfg[5:0] 54 (0x36) r/w frequency offset compensation conf iguration. the value to use in this register is given by the smartrf ? studio software. 0x1a: bscfg ? bit synchronization configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 bscfg[7:0] 108 (0x6c) r/w bit synchronization confi guration. the value to use in this register is given by the smartrf ? studio software. 0x1b: agcctrl2 ? agc control bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 agcctrl2[7:0] 3 (0x03) r/w agc control register . the value to use in th is register is given by the smartrf ? studio software.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 56 of 68 0x1c: agcctrl1 ? agc control bit field name reset r/w description 7 reserved r0 6:0 agcctrl1[6:0] 64 (0x40) r/w agc control register. the val ue to use in this register is given by the smartrf ? studio software. 0x1d: agcctrl0 ? agc control bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 agcctrl0[7:0] 145 (0x91) r/w agc control register. the val ue to use in this register is given by the smartrf ? studio software. 0x1e: worevt1 ? high byte event0 timeout bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 event0[15:8] 135 (0x87) r/w high byte of event 0 timeout register res wor xosc event event f t _ 5 0 2 0 750 ? ? ? = 0x1f: worevt0 ?low byte event0 timeout bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 event0[7:0] 107 (0x6b) r/w low byte of event 0 timeout register. the default event 0 value gi ves 1.0s timeout, assuming a 26.0mhz crystal.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 57 of 68 0x20: worctrl ? wake on radio control bit field name reset r/w description 7 rc_pd 1 r/w power down signal to rc o scillator. when written to 0, automatic initial calibration will be performed 6:4 event1[2:0] 7 (111) r/w timeout setting from register bl ock. decoded to event 1 timeout. rc oscillator clock frequency equals f xosc /750, which is 32khz- 37khz, depending on crystal frequency. the table below lists the number of clock periods after ev ent 0 before event 1 times out. setting wor_autosync=0 wor_autosync=1 0 (000) 4 (0.107ms ? 0.125ms) 16 (0.429ms ? 0.5ms) 1 (001) 6 (0.161ms ? 0.188ms) 24 (0.643ms ? 0.75ms) 2 (010) 8 (0.214ms ? 0.25ms) 32 (0.857ms ? 1ms) 3 (011) 12 (0.321ms ? 0.375ms) 48 (1.286ms ? 1.5ms) 4 (100) 16 (0.429ms ? 0.5ms) 64 (1.7ms ? 2ms) 5 (101) 24 (0.643ms ? 0.75ms) 96 (2.6ms ? 3ms) 6 (110) 32 (0.857ms ? 1ms) 128 (3.4ms ? 4ms) 7 (111) 48 (1.286ms ? 1.5ms) 192 (5.1ms ? 6ms) 3 rc_cal 1 r/w enables (1) or disables (0) the rc oscillator calibration. included for test purposes only. 2 reserved r0 1:0 wor_res 0 (00) r/w controls the event 0 resolution and maximum timeout of the wor module: setting resolution (1 lsb) max timeout 0 (00) 1 period (27 s ? 31 s) 1.8 ? 2.0 seconds 1 (01) 2 5 periods (0.86ms ? 1.0ms) 56 ? 66 seconds 2 (10) 2 10 periods (27ms ? 32ms) 30 ? 35 minutes 3 (11) 2 15 periods (0.88s ? 1.0s) 16 ? 18 hours adjusting the resolution does not affect the resolution of the wor time readout registers wortime1 / wortime0 . 0x21: frend1 ? front end rx configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 frend1[7:0] 166 (0xa6) r/w front end rx configuration. the value to use in this register is given by the smartrf ? studio software.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 58 of 68 0x22: frend0 ? front end tx configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7:6 reserved r0 5:4 lodiv_buf_current_tx[1:0] 1 (01) r/w adjusts current tx lo buffer (input to pa). the value to use in this field is given by the smartrf ? studio software. 3 reserved r0 2:0 pa_power[2:0] 0 (000) r/w selects pa power setting. this value is an index to the patable, which can be programmed with up to 8 different pa settings. in ask mode, this selects the patable index to use when transmitting a ?1?. patable index zero is used in ask when transmitting a ?0?. the patable settings from index ?0? to the pa_power value are used for ask tx shaping, and for power ramp-up/ramp-down at the start/end of transmission in all tx modulation formats. 0x23: fscal3 ? frequency synthesizer calibration bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 fscal3[7:0] 169 (0xa9) r/w frequency synthesizer calibration configuration and result register. the value to write in this register before calibration is given by the smartrf ? studio software. fast frequency hopping without calibration for each hop can be done by calibrating upfront for each frequency and saving the resulting fscal3, fscal2 and fs cal1 register values. between each frequency hop, calibration c an be replaced by writing the fscal3, fscal2 and fscal1 regi ster values corresponding to the next rf frequency. 0x24: fscal2 ? frequency synthesizer calibration bit field name reset r/w description 7:6 reserved r0 5:0 fscal2[5:0] 10 (0x0a) r/w frequency synthesizer calibration result register. fast frequency hopping without calibration for each hop can be done by calibrating upfront for each frequency and saving the resulting fscal3, fscal2 and fs cal1 register values. between each frequency hop, calibration c an be replaced by writing the fscal3, fscal2 and fscal1 regi ster values corresponding to the next rf frequency. 0x25: fscal1 ? frequency synthesizer calibration bit field name reset r/w description 7:6 reserved r0 5:0 fscal1[5:0] 32 (0x20) r/w frequency synthesizer calibration result register. fast frequency hopping without calibration for each hop can be done by calibrating upfront for each frequency and saving the resulting fscal3, fscal2 and fs cal1 register values. between each frequency hop, calibration c an be replaced by writing the fscal3, fscal2 and fscal1 regi ster values corresponding to the next rf frequency.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 59 of 68 0x26: fscal0 ? frequency synthesizer calibration bit field name reset r/w description 7 reserved r0 6:0 fscal0[6:0] 13 (0x0d) r/w frequency synthesizer calibration control. the value to use in this register is given by the smartrf ? studio software. 0x27: rcctrl1 ? rc oscillator configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7 reserved 0 r0 6:0 rcctrl1[6:0] 65 (0x41) r/w rc oscillator configuration. do not write to this register. 0x28: rcctrl0 ? rc oscillator configuration bit field name reset r/w description 7 reserved 0 r0 6:0 rcctrl0[6:0] 0 (0x00) r/w rc oscillator configuration. do not write to this register. 37.2 configuration register details ? registers that loose programming in sleep state 0x29: fstest ? frequency synthesizer calibration control bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 fstest[7:0] 87 (0x57) r/w for test only. do not write to this register. 0x2a: ptest ? production test bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 ptest[7:0] 127 (0x7f) r/w writing 0xbf to this regist er makes the on-chip temperature sensor available in the idle st ate. the default 0x7f value should then be written back before leaving the idle state. other use of this register is for test only. 0x2b: agctest ? agc test bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 agctest[7:0] 63 (0x3f) r/w for test only. do not write to this register.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 60 of 68 0x2c: test2 ? various test settings bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 test2[7:0] 136 (0x88) r/w for test only. do not write to this register. 0x2d: test1 ? various test settings bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 test1[7:0] 49 (0x31) r/w for test only. do not write to this register. 0x2e: test0 ? various test settings bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 test0[7:0] 11 (0x0b) r/w for test only. do not write to this register. 37.3 status register details 0x30 (0xf0): partnum ? chip id bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 partnum[7:0] 0 (0x00) r chip part number 0x31 (0xf1): version ? chip id bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 version[7:0] 2 (0x10) r chip version number. 0x32 (0xf2): freqest ? frequency offset estimate from demodulator bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 freqoff_est r the estimated frequenc y offset (two?s complement) of the carrier. resolution is f xtal /2 14 (1.5khz-1.7khz); range is 186khz to 217khz, dependent of xtal frequency. frequency offset compensation is only supported for 2-fsk, gfsk and msk modulation. this register will read 0 when using ask or ook modulation. 0x33 (0xf3): lqi ? demodulator estimate for link quality bit field name reset r/w description 7 crc ok r the last crc comparison matched. cleared when entering/restarting rx mode. 6:0 lqi_est[6:0] r the link quality i ndicator estimates how easily a received signal can be demodulated. calcul ated over the 64 symbols following the sync word (first 8 packet bytes).
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 61 of 68 0x34 (0xf4): rssi ? received signal strength indication bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 rssi r received signal strength indicator 0x35 (0xf5): marcstate ? main ra dio control state machine state bit field name reset r/w description 7:5 reserved r0 4:0 marc_state[4:0] r main radio control fsm state value state name state (figure 10, page 30) 0 (0x00) sleep sleep 1 (0x01) idle idle 2 (0x02) xoff xoff 3 (0x03) vcoon_mc mancal 4 (0x04) regon_mc mancal 5 (0x05) mancal mancal 6 (0x06) vcoon fs_wakeup 7 (0x07) regon fs_wakeup 8 (0x08) startcal calibrate 9 (0x09) bwboost settling 10 (0x0a) fs_lock settling 11 (0x0b) ifadcon settling 12 (0x0c) endcal calibrate 13 (0x0d) rx rx 14 (0x0e) rx_end rx 15 (0x0f) rx_rst rx 16 (0x10) txrx_switch txrx_settling 17 (0x11) rx_overflow rx_overflow 18 (0x12) fstxon fstxon 19 (0x13) tx tx 20 (0x14) tx_end tx 21 (0x15) rxtx_switch rxtx_settling 22 (0x16) tx_underflow tx_underflow 0x36 (0xf6): wortime1 ? high byte of wor time bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 time[15:8] r high byte of timer value in wor module
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 62 of 68 0x37 (0xf7): wortime0 ? low byte of wor time bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 time[7:0] r low byte of timer value in wor module 0x38 (0xf8): pktstatus ? current gdox status and packet status bit field name reset r/w description 7 crc_ok r the last crc comparison matched. cleared when entering/restarting rx mode. 6 cs r carrier sense 5 pqt_reached r preamble quality reached 4 cca r clear channel assessment 3 sfd r sync word found 2 gdo2 r current value on gdo2 pin 1 gdo1 r current value on gdo1 pin 0 gdo0 r current value on gdo0 pin 0x39 (0xf9): vco_vc_dac ? current setting from pll calibration module bit field name reset r/w description 7:0 vco_vc_dac[7:0] r status register for test only. 0x3a (0xfa): txbytes ? underflow and number of bytes bit field name reset r/w description 7 txfifo_underflow r 6:0 num_txbytes r number of bytes in tx fifo 0x3b (0xfb): rxbytes ? overflow and number of bytes bit field name reset r/w description 7 rxfifo_overflow r 6:0 num_rxbytes r number of bytes in rx fifo
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 63 of 68 38 package description (qlp 20) all dimensions are in millimetres, angles in degrees. note: the CC1100 is available in rohs lead-free package only. figure 17: package dimensions drawing package type a a1 a2 d d1 d2 e e1 e2 l t b e min 0.75 0.005 0.55 3.90 3.65 3. 90 3.65 0.45 0.190 0.18 qlp 20 (4x4) typ. 0.85 0.025 0.65 4.00 3. 75 2.40 4.00 3.75 2. 40 0.55 0.23 0.50 max 0.95 0.045 0.75 4.10 3.85 4. 10 3.85 0.65 0.245 0.30 table 32: package dimensions
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 64 of 68 38.1 recommended pcb layout for package (qlp 20) figure 18: recommended pcb layout for qlp 20 package note: the figure is an illustration only and not to scale. there are 14 mil diameter via holes distributed symmetrically in the ground pad under the package. see also the CC1100em reference design. 38.2 package thermal properties thermal resistance air velocity [m/s] 0 rth,j-a [k/w] tbd table 33: thermal properties of qlp 20 package 38.3 soldering information the recommendations for lead-free reflow in ipc/jedec j-std-020c should be followed.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 65 of 68 38.4 tray specification CC1100 can be delivered in standard qlp 4x4mm shipping trays. tray specification package tray width tray height tray length units per tray qlp 20 125.9mm 7.62mm 322.6mm 490 table 34: tray specification 38.5 carrier tape and reel specification carrier tape and reel is in accordance with eia specification 481. tape and reel specification package tape width component pitch hole pitch reel diameter units per reel qlp 20 tbd tbd tbd 13 inches 2500 table 35: carrier tape and reel specification 39 ordering information ordering part number description minimum order quantity (moq) 1166 CC1100 - rty1 qlp20 rohs pb-free 490/tray 490 (tray) 1200 CC1100 - rtr1 qlp20 rohs pb-free 2500/t&r 2500 (tape and reel) 1197 CC1100 sk sample kit 5pcs. 1 1172 CC1100_cc1150 dk-433mhz development kit 1 1173 CC1100_cc1150 dk-868mhz development kit 1 table 36: ordering information
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 66 of 68 40 general information 40.1 document history revision date description/changes 1.0 2005-04-25 first preliminary data sheet release table 37: document history 40.2 product status definitions data sheet identification product status definition advance information planned or under development this data sheet contains t he design specifications for product development. specif ications may change in any manner without notice. preliminary engineering samples and first production this data sheet contains preliminary data, and supplementary data will be published at a later date. chipcon reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design and supply the best possible product. no identification noted full production this dat a sheet contains the final specifications. chipcon reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design and supply the best possible product. obsolete not in production this data s heet contains specif ications on a product that has been discontinued by chipcon. the data sheet is printed for reference information only. table 38: product status definitions 40.3 disclaimer chipcon as believes the information contai ned herein is correct and accurate at t he time of this printing. however, chipcon as reserves the right to mak e changes to this product without notic e. chipcon as does not assume any responsibility for the use of the described product; neither does it convey any licens e under its patent rights, or the rights of others. the latest updates are available at the chipcon website or by c ontacting chipcon directly. as far as possible, major changes of produc t specifications and functionality, will be stated in product specific errata notes published at the chipcon website. customers are encouraged to si gn up to the developers newsletter for the most recent updates on products and support tools. when a product is discontinued this will be done according to chipcon?s procedure for obsolet e products as described in chipcon?s quality manual. this includes informing about last-time-buy options. the quality manual can be downloaded from chipcon?s website. compliance with regulations is dependent on complete system performance. it is the customer?s responsibility to ensure that the system complies with regulations. 40.4 trademarks smartrf ? is a registered trademark of chipcon as. smartrf ? is chipcon's rf technology platform with rf library cells, modules and design expertis e. based on smartrf ? technology chipcon develops standard component rf circuits as well as full custom asics based on customer requirements and this technology. all other trademarks, registered trademarks and product names ar e the sole property of their respective owners. 40.5 life support policy this chipcon product is not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or other systems where malfunction can reasonably be expected to result in signifi cant personal injury to the user, or as a critical component in any life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonabl y expected to cause the failure of the life support device or
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 67 of 68 system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. chipcon as customers using or selling t hese products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemni fy chipcon as for any damages resulting from any improper use or sale.
chipcon smartrf ? CC1100 chipcon as smartrf ? CC1100 preliminary data sheet (rev. 1.0) 2005-04-25 page 68 of 68 41 address information web site: http://www.chipcon.com e-mail: wireless@chipcon.com technical support email: support@chipcon.com technical support hotline: +47 22 95 85 45 headquarters: chipcon as gaustadallen 21 no-0349 oslo norway tel: +47 22 95 85 44 fax: +47 22 95 85 46 e-mail: wireless@chipcon.com us offices: chipcon inc., western us sales office 19925 stevens creek blvd. cupertino, ca 95014-2358 usa tel: +1 408 973 7845 fax: +1 408 973 7257 email: ussales@chipcon.com chipcon inc., eastern us sales office 35 pinehurst avenue nashua, new hampshire, 03062 usa tel: +1 603 888 1326 fax: +1 603 888 4239 email: eastussales@chipcon.com sales office germany: chipcon as riedberghof 3 d-74379 ingersheim germany tel: +49 7142 9156815 fax: +49 7142 9156818 email: germanysales@chipcon.com sales office asia: chipcon as unit 503, 5/f silvercord tower 2, 30 canton road tsimshatsui, hong kong tel: +852 3519 6226 fax: +852 3519 6520 email: asiasales@chipcon.com sales office japan: chipcon as #403, bureau shinagawa 4-1-6, konan, minato-ku tokyo, zip 108-0075 japan tel: +81 3 5783 1082 fax: +81 3 5783 1083 email: japansales@chipcon.com sales office korea & south-east asia: chipcon as 37f, asem tower 159-1 samsung-dong, kangnam-ku seoul 135-798 korea tel: +82 2 6001 3888 fax: +82 2 6001 3711 email: korea_seasia sales@chipcon.com chipcon as is an iso 9001:2000 certified company ? 2005, chipcon as. all rights reserved.

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